Role of digestive system
Produce energy from food
Transfer nutrients, water, electrolytes
Digestive tract
Mouth
Pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Digestive tract pt 2
Glandular organs
Salivary glands
Liver
Gall bladder
Pancreas
Basic process of digestive system
Digestion
Secretion
Absorption
Motility
Digestion
Starts in mouth
Dissolves and breaks down food into molecules can be absorbed by body
Secretion
Saliva by salivary glands
Hydrochloride acid by stomach
Bile by liver
Absorption
Uptake of digested molecules lining the gastrointestinal wall
Molecules enter blood, lymph to be distributed to cells
Motility
Muscular contractions mix and propel coccntents of digestive tract forward
Mixes food with digestive secretions
Salivary glands
Mechanical breakdown of food
3 heads, sublingual, parotid, sublingual
Contains amylase, breakdown of carbs
Mouth and throat
Peristalsis, involuntary contraction of muscles and moving food to stomach
Stomach
Storage
Dissolves and partially digests food,
Prepare food for digestion and absorption in small intestine
Secrete HCL, HCL dissolves matter in food, kill bacteria in food
Pepsin in stomach
Begins protein digestion
Little absorption occurs across stomach wall
Small intestine
Completion of digestion (most absorption)
3 segments
-duodenum
-jejunum
-ileum
Pancreas
Secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine
Makes food less acidic
Alkaline fluid keeps PH range good
Liver
Secretes bile
Bile essential for fat digestion and absorption
Bile stored in gall bladder, secreted into small intestine Makes
Digestive enzymes
Carbs- amylase = monosaccharides
Proteins- pepsine = amino acids
Fats- bile = fatty acids
Large intestine
Material further concentrated by further reabsorption of salt and water
Feces move to rectum
Relaxation of sphincter muscles results in poo
