Digestive System

Question 1

Digestive System functions

Answer 1

• breakdown macromolecules to absorbable units

- rid body on non-digestible wastes

Question 2

Lumen

Answer 2

tube of GI tract

Question 3

Mucosa

Answer 3

• mucous secreting membrane

- lubricates, protects from self-digestion

Question 4

Submucosa

Answer 4

• connective tissue

- blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves

Question 5

Muscularis

Answer 5

two layers of smooth muscle

Question 6

Serosa

Answer 6

connective tissue that secretes a lubricating fluid

Question 7

Amylase

Answer 7

enzyme that digests starch

Question 8

Pharynx

Answer 8

passage way for food and air

Question 9

Esophagus

Answer 9

muscular tube that conducts food from pharynx to stomach via peristalsis

Question 10

Functions of Stomach

Answer 10

• storage of food

- mechanical and chemical digestion

Question 11

How does the stomach prevent self-digestion?

Answer 11

• mucus is secreted which neutralizes acid
• without hydrochloric acid, pepsin is inactive (pepsinogen)
• high replacement rate of cells

Question 12

heartburn

Answer 12

• valve that keeps stuff in stomach is weak

- stomach contents (acidic) move up esophagus

Question 13

Ulcers

Answer 13

stomach lining eroded by gastric juices

Question 14

Absorption in the small intestine is all about…

Answer 14

Surface area (circular folds, villi, microvilli)

Question 15

How does the liver aid digestion?

Answer 15

It produces bile

Question 16

How does the pancreas aid digestion?

Answer 16

produces digestive enzymes and pancreatic juice that neutralize stomach acid

Question 17

Function of Large Intestine

Answer 17

• water and vitamin absorption
• feces storage
• fecal elimination