Paper 2 Ethics > Disability Equality > Flashcards

Disability Equality Flashcards

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1
Q

What is disability equality?

A

Treating disabled people fairly and removing barriers that disadvantage them.

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2
Q

Why is disability equality an ethical issue?

A

It concerns justice, fairness, and equal opportunity.

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3
Q

Who is Joni Eareckson Tada?

A

A Christian writer and disability rights advocate.

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4
Q

What does Tada argue about suffering?

A

God permits suffering because it draws people closer to God.

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5
Q

Why does suffering create a need for Christ?

A

Hardship makes people depend on faith.

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6
Q

What role do disabled people play in the church according to Tada?

A

They show how suffering can be overcome through faith.

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7
Q

How did Christianity historically view disability?

A

Not as punishment from God, but as poor fortune.

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8
Q

What attitudes accompanied this view?

A

Pity and charity.

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9
Q

When did views on disability begin to change significantly?

A

In the 20th century.

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10
Q

What is eugenics?

A

The belief that defective genes should not be passed on.

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11
Q

Which scientific theory influenced eugenics?

A

Darwin’s theory of natural selection.

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12
Q

How did eugenicists apply Darwin’s ideas?

A

They argued defective genes polluted the gene pool.

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13
Q

What extreme policies resulted from eugenics?

A

Racial cleansing.

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14
Q

Which regime demonstrated the dangers of eugenics?

A

The Nazi regime.

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15
Q

What happened to eugenics after World War II?

A

It fell out of favour.

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16
Q

What is the medical model of disability?

A

Disability is seen as an illness to be treated.

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17
Q

What caused the development of the medical model?

A

Advances in medical technology.

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18
Q

What solution does the medical model propose?

A

Redirect resources to healthcare.

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19
Q

What does the medical model focus on?

A

What is wrong with the person.

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20
Q

What is a key criticism of the medical model?

A

It ignores what the person needs.

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21
Q

What is the social model of disability?

A

Society disables individuals through barriers.

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22
Q

According to the social model, what causes disability?

A

Lack of facilities and accessibility.

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23
Q

How does the social model differ from the medical model?

A

It focuses on society, not the individual.

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24
Q

Why is the social model seen as more ethical?

A

It promotes inclusion and responsibility.

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25
What law governs disability equality in the UK?
The Equality Act 2010.
26
How does the Equality Act define disability?
A physical or mental impairment with long-term negative effects.
27
What activities must be affected to count as a disability?
Normal daily activities.
28
Which model does the Equality Act support?
The social model of disability.
29
What does the Act say creates disability?
Barriers in society.
30
What must employers do for disabled workers?
Make reasonable adjustments.
31
What does Psalm 139:13–14 teach about creation?
Humans are wonderfully made.
32
How does this support disability equality?
It affirms dignity and worth.
33
What does Leviticus 19:14 forbid?
Mocking or harming disabled people.
34
What does the command “fear your God” emphasise?
Moral responsibility.
35
How did Jesus treat disabled people?
He treated them equally.
36
Which people did Jesus heal that show inclusivity?
A Roman centurion’s servant and Samaritan lepers.
37
What does Leviticus 21:21 say about disability?
People with defects must not offer food to God.
38
How is this verse used against disability equality?
It excludes disabled people from religious roles.
39
How does the Roman Catholic Church sometimes view disability?
As something to be treated.
40
Why is exclusion of disabled people unethical?
It denies dignity and equality.
41
Why is charity alone insufficient?
It does not remove barriers.
42
Which model focuses on treatment?
The medical model.
43
Which model focuses on accessibility?
The social model.
44
Which model supports equality more effectively?
The social model.
45
Which Christian teaching supports disability equality?
All humans are created by God.
46
Which law can be used in evaluation questions?
The Equality Act 2010.
47
Why did attitudes change after Nazi policies?
Eugenics led to extreme injustice.
48
What lesson does history teach about disability ethics?
Equality must be protected.
49
What is impairment?
A physical or mental condition.
50
What is disability under the social model?
Barriers created by society.
51
What disables people according to the social model?
Society.
52
What disables people according to the medical model?
Illness or condition.
53
How does disability equality link to justice?
Fair access and inclusion.
54
How does Christianity support inclusion?
Through dignity and compassion.
55
Why are reasonable adjustments important?
They allow equal participation.
56
Who benefits from accessibility?
Everyone.
57
Can religion both support and limit disability equality?
Yes.
58
Why does interpretation matter?
Teachings can be applied differently.
59
Is suffering always negative in Christianity?
No.
60
Why might this view be criticised?
It may justify inequality.
61
What is the key ethical issue in this section?
Disability equality.
62
Which model is preferred in UK law?
The social model.
63
Can disability be used in 8-mark questions?
Yes.
64
Can disability be evaluated in 30-mark essays?
Yes.
65
What promotes disability equality most effectively?
Removing social barriers.
66
What undermines disability equality?
Exclusion and stigma.
67
Are Christian views for and against included?
Yes.
68
Are both disability models included?
Yes.
69
Why must society adapt to disabled people?
To ensure equality.
70
Why is legal protection important?
It enforces rights.
71
Why is the social model favoured ethically?
It shifts responsibility to society.
72
Why might the medical model still be used?
Treatment can improve quality of life.
73
Which Bible verse supports dignity?
Psalm 139:13–14.
74
Which verse challenges inclusion?
Leviticus 21:21.
75
What is the main criticism of eugenics?
It leads to injustice.
76
What replaced eugenic thinking?
Equality-based ethics.
77
Why did eugenics lose support after the Second World War?
The Nazi regime showed that eugenics led to racial cleansing and extreme injustice.
78
What ethical lesson was learned from the failure of eugenics?
Judging human worth by genetics leads to moral harm.
79
Why is the medical model criticised by disability activists?
It focuses on what is wrong with the person rather than their needs.
80
Why does the social model better support disability equality?
It identifies society as responsible for disabling barriers.
81
How does the Equality Act 2010 reflect the social model?
It requires reasonable adjustments and removes barriers.
82
Why are reasonable adjustments ethically important?
They allow disabled people equal access to work and society.
83
How do Psalm 139:13–14 support disability equality?
They affirm that all people are wonderfully made.
84
How does Leviticus 19:14 support disability rights?
It forbids harming or mocking disabled people.
85
How does Leviticus 21:21 challenge disability equality?
It excludes people with defects from religious roles.
86
How did Jesus’ actions support disability equality?
He healed and treated disabled people equally, including outsiders.
87
Why might Tada’s view of suffering be criticised?
It may justify inequality or discourage social change.
88
How does Christianity both support and challenge disability equality?
Through teachings of dignity but also exclusionary texts.
89
Why is disability equality still a contemporary ethical issue?
Social barriers and discrimination continue to exist.
90
Why is the social model central to modern disability ethics?
It prioritises inclusion, dignity, and social responsibility.
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