Disaster

Question 1

A

Answer 1

Airway!

Check for:

• Respiratory distress
• Airway patency
• Loose teeth or foreign objects
• Assess for bleeding, vomiting, or edema

Question 2

B

Answer 2

Breathing!

Check for:

• Ventilation
• Watch chest for signs of breathing
• Paradoxical movement
• Note use of accessory muscles
• RR
• Color of nail beds
• Listen to lungs!

Question 3

C

Answer 3

Circulation

Check for:

• Carotid and/or femoral pulse
• Palpate pulse for quality and rate
• Assess skin color and temp
• Check cap refill
• Assess for bleeding
• Measure blood pressure

Question 4

D

Answer 4

Disability

NEURO
Check for:
- LOC and GCS
- Assess PERRLA

DEFORMITIES
Check for:
- Extremities for obvious deformities
- Determine ROM and muscle strength

Assess PAIN

Question 5

F

Answer 5

Full Set of Vital Signs

Focused Adjuncts

Facilitate Family Presence

Question 6

G

Answer 6

Give comfort measures

Question 7

H

Answer 7

History and Head-to-Toe

Question 8

I

Answer 8

Inspect Posterior Surfaces

Question 9

Green

Answer 9

Minimal Group

STABLE with minor injuries

EXAMPLE:
Minor lacerations

Question 10

Yellow

Answer 10

Delayed Group

ANY injury without a change in LOC

• Conscious, but more injured than “green”
• Typically cannot walk or move

EXAMPLE:
Deep cuts
Loss of fingers
ABD injuries

Question 11

Red

Answer 11

Immediate Group

May die without proper interventions

Injury with alteration in LOC

• Unable to follow commands
• Unable to walk/move
• Needs surgical/lifesaving interventions

EXAMPLE:
Airway obstructions
Cardiorespiratory failure
Burns to face or neck
Uncontrolled loss of blood
Shock

Question 12

Blue

Answer 12

Expected Group

Expected to die soon

Pt would require too many resources

Pt does NOT meet criteria for “red” group

EXAMPLE:
Head injury with GCS <8
Burns with TBSA >85% 
Signs of impending death
Fatal radiation doses

Question 13

Black

Answer 13

Dead Group

Should not be moved

Requires a medical examiner/coroner

ID with remains

Question 14

What is decontamination?

Answer 14

Patients proceed from “dirty” to clean

Question 15

What does MCI stand for?

Answer 15

Mass casualty incident

Question 16

What does MCI mean?

Answer 16

Any incident that exceeds the responder’s capability to treat or transport

Question 17

What is M.A.S.S.?

Answer 17

Move
Assess
Sort
Send

Question 18

What is the purpose of M.A.S.S.?

Answer 18

It is a disaster triage system that helps handle a large number of casualties in an MCI

Question 19

What are the 3 steps to M.A.S.S.?

Answer 19

1. Group the victims
2. Sort individual victims
3. Transport

Question 20

Who/which color receives treatment first?

Answer 20

Red - Immediate group

Red has the highest priority for treatment or transfer

Question 21

Intermediate or Red goes____.

Answer 21

First

Question 22

Delayed or Yellow goes_____.

Answer 22

Second

Question 23

Minimal or Green goes____.

Answer 23

Third

Question 24

What is the “green” group goal of “move”?

Answer 24

To group victims that can walk

“If you can hear me and can walk, move to the area with a green flag”

Question 25

What is the "green" group's assumption?

Answer 25

Pt's who can follow commands to walk are assumed to have stable, well compensated physiology, regardless of their injuries

Question 26

Why does minimal group get moved first?

Answer 26

They have major vital functions intact They are A&O They have only minor injuries This group can be gathered, treated, and then released

Question 27

What is a minimal or green injury?

Answer 27

Minor lacerations Contusions Sprains Superficial burns Partial thickness burns <20% TBSA

Question 28

What is the "yellow" group goal of "Move"?

Answer 28

To sort victims who can't walk but can MOVE "If you need help, but cannot walk, move and arm or leg and we will come help you"

Question 29

What is the "yellow" group's assumption?

Answer 29

The victim still has consciousness but has more injuries than the green group

Question 30

What does the yellow/delayed group need?

Answer 30

Definitive care | - But they should not worsen rapidly

Question 31

What is a yellow/delayed group injury?

Answer 31

Deep cuts Open FX Finger amputations ABD injuries Closed head with stable VS Injuries without a change in LOC

Question 32

After moving green and yellow, you are able to identify who is left. These victims will be unable to walk or move and unable to follow simple commands. What is this group called?

Answer 32

IMMEDIATE/RED GROUP

Question 33

What needs to be done with the red/immediate group?

Answer 33

If medically trained, provide immediate life saving interventions, as these patients may die without interventions.

Question 34

What injuries are considered immediate/red?

Answer 34

Airway obstruction Impending cardiopulmonary failure Significant hemorrhage Shock Sucking chest wound Burns on face or neck Life or limb threatening injury Unresponsive or altered LOC Severe difficulty breathing Cyanosis Rapid or weak pulse

Question 35

Patient's who do not meet the requirements for the red/immediate group fall into the "expectant" or blue group. What type of care do we provide to this group?

Answer 35

Comfort care

Question 36

What injuries are seen in the "expectant" group?

Answer 36

Head injury with GCS score of <8 Burns >85% of TBSA Multisystem trauma Signs of impending death Fatal radiation doses

Question 37

What color is a pt labeled with if they are dead?

Answer 37

Black

Question 38

What do we do with black or dead patients?

Answer 38

Should NOT be moved ID should be with remains Evidence must be preserved