Distal GIT II

Question 1

where does duodenum curl aroun + its location to SI

Answer 1

head of pancreas (find pancrease first (then left of pan)

Proximal to SI

Question 2

where are duodenal glands

Answer 2

submucos

Question 3

location of jejunum

Answer 3

• Distal to duodenum.
• Proximal to ileum.
• Upper left quadrant of abdomen.

Question 4

cells on jejunum villi

Answer 4

simple columnar (normal enterocytes) 
•	Between= goblet cells (mucus)

Question 5

what and where are peneth cells

Answer 5

found in bases of intestinal glands – secretory vesicles contain lysozyme

Question 6

where is appendix

Answer 6

• Where ilium joins cecum = appendix

* Appendix= retrocecal

Question 7

epithelium of illium

Answer 7

• Dark circle cells= lymphocytes
• Goblet cells (lighter zoomed)
• Higher concentration than other areas
• Non ciliated columnar
• Others= eneterocytes
• Has microvilli = increase SA and absorption

Question 8

what is epithelium and mucosa of rectum

Answer 8

• Mucosa of rectum similar to rest of distal colon: straight tubular glands with many goblet cells.
• Anal canal lined with stratified squamous epithelium that is continuous with that of perineal skin.
• Needs layers bc has (hardened) faeces rubbing against it

Question 9

why blood vessels around rectum

Answer 9

• Blood vessels around rectum= supply muscles, absorb water
• When drug doesn’t want contact with stomach acid, taken through anus
• Rectal veins go straight through liver

Question 10

what is different about inner and outer layer of muscle in rectum

Answer 10

• Muscular layer= thicker= internal sphinter (autonomically controlled)
• Outer layer= different orientation + skeletal muscle (autonomically controlled)