1
Q
What type of mechanical pipe cleaning unit has high-carbon spring steel blades?
A
Metal scrappers
2
Q
What will the loss of pressure in a water system possibly cause besides compromising firefighting capabilities?
A
Bacterial contamination
3
Q
____ valves are most often used where pressure is relatively high and positive shutoff is required, such as the discharge of a high-lift pump.
A
Large Plug
4
Q
It is best to have an ____ to prevent the collapse of a pipe when it is being emptied.
A
air and vacuum relief valve
5
Q
____ have a major impact on the reliability of the distribution system to deliver an uninterrupted supply.
A
a. Main break frequencies
b. Breakdown of distribution pumps
c. Power outages
d. All of the above
Answer: d. all of the above
6
Q
What back flow prevention device is, at minimum, required at the potable meter for domestic water booster pumps?
A
Double check valve
7
Q
What is the purpose of a check valve?
A
To control the direction of flow
8
Q
It is best to use ____ to determine the hydraulic grade line.
A
Pressure gauges
9
Q
Where would be the best place for hydrants to be located?
A
Near street intersections
10
Q
The most common meter register records the flow in ____
A
Cubic feet or gallons
11
Q
This type of meter sends an electrical signal to a remote register mounted outside the building after a particular amount of water is used.
A
Electrical pulse generator type
12
Q
How are distribution pump operations controlled?
A
System pressure
13
Q
The main distribution system performance categories that are included in the distribution system operator objective are ____.
A
Water quality and reliability
14
Q
What should an operator inspect first if a reduced pressure zone back flow preventer leaks at the vent?
A
Inspect the first check valve
15
Q
Which of the following factors are key for design system design and important to consider when expanding distribution systems?
A
a. Pressure
b. Flow
c. Water quality
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
16
Q
Why should gaskets for piping not be stored next to electrical motors?
A
a. Excessive heat can ruin them.
b. Oil from the motor can damage them.
c. Grease from motor can damage them.
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
17
Q
An 8.0-in-diameter pipeline needs to be flushed. If the desired length of pipeline to be flushed is 145 ft, how many minutes will it take to flush the line three times at 45 gpm?
A
25 min
18
Q
Auxiliary water sources regarding cross-connections can fall under the supervision of ____.
A
A primary agency
19
Q
It has been documented that ____ can pass through the walls of plastic pipe even though the pipe is carrying water under pressure. This process by which molecules pass through the plastic pipe is called ____.
A
Organic compounds, permeation
20
Q
The potential hazard for this cross-connection system is high.
A
Boilers
21
Q
The dry-barrel hydrant should be completely opened when in use to ____.
A
Ensure the drain valve is completely closed.
22
Q
To prevent leakage at the point where the shaft protrudes through the case, either ____ are used to seal the space between these two.
A
Packing rings or mechanical seals
23
Q
Double check valves should be installed in areas that ____ as the ____ can form a cross-connection if submerged.
A
do not flood, test cocks
24
Q
Why should a meter be placed as close to the property line as possible?
A
To prevent an illegal connection
25
What will high water pressure cause?
a. More main and service leaks
b. More hot water tank failures
c. More appliance failures
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
26
A meter being tested reads 3,685 L. A volumetric tank shows the actual value is 3,788 L. What is the percentage accuracy of the meter?
97.28% meter accuracy
27
What restricts the flow between the impeller discharge and suction areas in a centrifugal pump to prevent excessive water circulation between the two?
Wear rings
28
All hydrants should be inspected at least every ____.
Year
29
On a pump curve, what is plotted on the horizontal line and the vertical line?
Horizontal: capacity;
vertical: head, power, and efficiency
30
An advantage of ___ is that there is no flow of water from a broken hydrant.
Dry-barrel hydrants
31
What agency or regulation determines the frequency of testing and maintenance for a double check valve assembly?
State and local codes
32
What utility line will most likely not be moved for a water utility installing a new water main?
Sewer
33
Large motors are usually operated at ___.
440/480 V
34
A velocity-type flowmeter would be ____.
Magnetic
35
The lowest minimum pressure in distribution systems of ____ is a standard in many states and water system guidelines.
20 psi
36
Convert 7.94 MGD to cubic feet per second.
12.3 ft^3/s
37
The ____ Standard ____ covers materials that come in contact with potable water and other issues.
ANSI/NSF, 61
38
The first type of cleaning pig to be sent through a main is called ____.
Bare pigs
39
Most backflow incidents that cause health problems involve ____.
Gastrointestinal problems
40
A distribution pipe is 1.93m long. What is the volume of water in gallons if the pipe is 2.00 ft in diameter for a length of 1.46 mi and 18.0 in. for the remainder?
213,840 gal
41
In all motors fitted with ball bearings, roller bearings, or both, the bearing housings are fitted with ____ to keep the grease in and the dirt out.
Glands
42
What type of valve should be used when the pressure to be regulated is relatively low and tight shutoff is not important?
Slide valve
43
This type of flowmeter measures the velocity based on the difference between the flow's dynamic pressure and the static pressure.
Pitot
44
How can water operators control water age in the distribution system?
Operate storage facilities to enhance mixing
45
The measurement devices most commonly used for measuring large quantities of water are ____ flowmeters.
Differential-pressure
46
What is the location of a latern ring on a pump?
Stuffing Box
47
Venturi meters are accurate for ____, have ____ friction loss, require ____, and have long been used for measuring flows in ____.
A certain range of flows, low, low maintenance, larger pipelines.
48
If the jars in a multi jet meter become ____, the meter will ____. If the jet orifice becomes ____, the meter will ____.
Clogged, over-register, worn, under-register
49
Internal pipeline corrosion control is usually implemented to reduce lead, copper, and ____.
Iron
50
Determine the volume of water in gallons for the following distribution system:
Distribution pipe "A": 489 ft in length of 2.0 ft in diameter
Distribution pipe "B": 2,655 ft in length and 1.5 ft in diameter
Storage tank: 91 ft in diameter and a water height of 27.02 ft
1,360,000 gal
51
In a magnetic flowmeter, water passing through the magnetic field induces a small flow of electrified current that is ____, which is converted to flow rate.
Proportional to velocity
52
Why are bypass valves often included within large gate valves?
To equalize the pressure on the tow sides of the gates
53
What external coating is usually used to protect ductile-iron pipe?
Bituminous
54
Power is defined as ____.
The rate of doing work
55
____ relief valves should be at ____ points and _____ valves should be at _____ points in the distribution system.
Air-and vacuum, high, blowoff, low
56
Prestressed, steel cylinder piping is a type of ____.
Reinforced concrete pressure pipe
57
Large water mains that surround and contribute water supply within the grid from several different directions would be a(n) ____.
Arterial-loop system
58
What is the velocity of flow in feet per second for an 8.00-in.-diameter pipe if it delivers 385 gpm?
2.46 fps
59
Over time, ____ can cause damage to the pipeline and equipment because it (they) occur(s) so frequently.
Surges
60
What is a pump design called if it has the impeller mounted on a separate shaft, which is connect to a motor with a coupling?
Frame-mounted
61
The amount of metal removed from a pipe wall is ____ to the magnitude of the current flowing in the corrosion cell.
Proportional
62
Throttling a pump against a gate valve should be avoided because it will ____.
a. Eventually damage the pump
b. Damage the gate valve
c. Reduce efficiency of the pump and thus increase costs
d. Both b and c
Answer: d. Both B and C
63
A water storage tank is partially underground. The tank is 49.5 ft in diameter and 18.0 ft high. What is the upward force of water pressure in pounds lifting up the tank if the groundwater is 7.15 ft above the base of the tank?
858,000 lb
64
Under this allocation of groundwater, this rule requires sharing.
Correlative rights
65
Metals that get into the distribution system due to a cross-connection will cause.
a. Nervous system damage
b. Nervous system and liver damage
c. vomiting and liver damage
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
66
Usually steel pipe is used for ____.
Long-distance transmission mains
67
What important role do system operators play in a water utility's management pipeline rehabilitation and replacement program?
Setting renewal priorities
68
The determining factor in sizing mains, storage facilities, and pumping facilities for communities with a population of less than 50,000 is usually the need for _____.
Fire protection
69
What valve, if closed too fast, would cause serious water hammer compared to the others listed?
Butterfly valve
70
A 10.0-in main line needs to be flushed. If one volume of a 310-ft section of the pipeline was flushed through a fire hydrant for 15 min, what was the flushing rate in gallons per minute?
84.2 gpm
71
A water storage tank with no interior coating has a cathodic protected system installed. What will happen to the anodes?
The anodes will disintegrate quickly
72
Convert 73.4% to a decimal form.
0.734
73
A tank is 74.5 ft in diameter and is 42.5 ft to the overflow. If there are 1,375,000 gal of water in the tank, what is the psi at the bottom of the tank?
18.3 psi
74
In extremely cold conditions, meter pits are sometimes constructed with ____ to provide added insulation.
A double cover
75
A confined aquifer is a(n) ____ of rock that is ____ that is (are) relatively _____.
Permeable layer, confined by upper and lower layers, impermeable.
76
a 10.0-in.-diameter distribution pipe delivers 1,287,000 gal in exactly 24 hours. What is the average flow during the 24 hours in feet per second?
1.99 fps
77
How are the metal parts on concrete pipe protected from corrosion?
Mortar
78
The pipeline network design should strive to eliminate or at least reduce the number of ____.
Dead ends
79
What is an operator's primary defense against backflow from cross-connections?
Maintaining adequate system pressure
80
Sampling for this particular site could be continuous, daily, or on a weekly basis.
Storage tank
81
A tachometer generator is a sensor for measuring the ____.
Rotational speed of a shaft
82
In a sewage treatment plant a(n) _____ is required to isolate an area inside the plant and a ____ at the potable meter.
Air gap, reduced-pressure zone backflow preventer.
83
What type of measuring level system has to compensate for the air temperature because the speed of sound in air varies with temperature?
Ultrasonic system
84
what pipe material, when new, has a C value of 150?
Polyvinyl Chloride
85
Surface water will most probably ____.
Be repumped to boost water pressure after treatment.
86
What facilities require the highest level of cross-connection and backflow protection?
a. Sewage plant and agricultural pesticide mixing tanks
b. Hospitals and funeral homes
c. Agricultural pesticide mixing tanks and hospitals
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
87
Single-family residences are most commonly served with a ____ service line.
3/4in
88
A sonic meter that measures water velocity works by sending out sound pulses _____.
Alternatively toward the flow, then away in a diagonal direction across the pipe.
89
Generally, _____, _____, and _____ pipes are ranked by utilities as the most favorable materials for maintaining water quality.
PVC, concrete pressure, lined ductile iron
90
Throttling the discharge valve to approximate system flow should be done when _____.
Elevated storage is not available
91
All meters that operate on the principle of determining flow velocity are designed with the assumption ____ through the meter, and every manufacturer has a recommendation for the minimum straight-pipe distance that should be on _____ of a meter.
Of laminar flow, either side
92
What type of backflow prevention device is not recommended as protection in situations in which a health hazard may result from failure.
Double check valve
93
What type of distribution system piping generally runs in straight lines and has few side connections?
Transmission mains
94
Valve vault drain should be connected to a(n) _____.
absorption pit
95
If a water tank has a volume of 3.25 MG and the flow from the tank is 6.10 mgd, what is the detention time in hours.
12.8 hours
96
Pesticides that get into the distribution system due to a cross-connection will cause ____.
a. nervous system damage
b. flu-like symptoms
c. vomiting and nausea
d. all of the above
answer: d. all of the above
97
What is a disadvantage to using reinforced concrete pipe?
Needs special protection in high-chloride soils
98
How often should the anodes be inspected in a cathodic protected water storage tank?
Annually
99
What can reduce the friction between the packing rings and the pump shaft?
Graphite
100
If a meter is oversized, what could occur?
The meter will under-register or not register anything at low flows.
101
One person should be able to operate a hydrant using a ____ hydrant wrench, and if a longer one is needed, the hydrant should be _____.
15-in, repaired or replaced
102
The major disadvantage(s) of pits for water meters in cold climates is that ____.
a. they often freeze
b. snow can cover them, making them hard to find
c. they can flood and thus need to be pumped out
d. all of the above
Answer: d. all of the above
103
What type of pipe, if dewatered rapidly, has the potential to collapse?
Steel
104
Meters that are 1 1/2 and 2 in. most commonly use ____.
Flanged meter couplings
105
What type of pipe will use elastomeric gaskets?
Concrete
106
What is the problem with using ordinary comprehensive maps as basic layouts for a water utility?
They may not be accurate
107
The pressure-reducing valve has two upper operating chambers sealed from each other by a _____.
Flexible, reinforced diaphragm
108
A cone valve has a movable internal part that is cone-shaped and is opened when the rotating ____ is turned through an angle of 90 degrees so fluid can pass through a machined port.
Plug
109
What is the psi 15 ft above the bottom of a lake that is 367 ft deep?
152 psi
110
Small motors are usually operated at _____.
220/240 V
111
What pipe is especially prone to sliding out of a push-on joint?
Plastic encased pipeline
112
How much surface area is contained by a tank that has a radius (r) of 62.5 ft?
12,300 ft^2
113
What can be used for relieving and preventing surges?
Pressure-relief valves
114
Water storage tanks should be cleaned and inspected at least every
3-5 years
115
Find the volume in gallons of a trapezoidal trough that has the following dimensions:
Length= 82.1 ft
Height= 3.1 ft
Bottom width= 4.2 ft (b1)
Top width= 7.9 ft (b2)
11,500 gal
116
Apparent water losses are caused by _____.
a. unknown leaks.
b. inaccurate meters.
c. unauthorized consumption.
d. All of the above.
Answer: d. all of the above
117
Most control valves in the water system are intended to _____.
Start and stop flows
118
Convert 4,994 gpm to cubic meters per second.
0.315 m^3/s
119
Water is flowing through a faucet at 13.9 gpm. How long will it take to fill a swimming pool in hours and minutes if the pool is 31 ft by 21 ft and averages 5.4 ft in depth?
31 hours and 32 minutes
120
Water is flowing at a velocity of 2.85 ft/s in an 8.0-in.-diameter pipe. If the pipe changes from the 8.0-in. to a 10.0-in. pipe, what will the velocity be in the 10.0-in. pipe?
1.83 ft/s in 10.0-in. pipe
121
What is the internal surface area of a cylindrical tank (bottom, top, and the cylinder wall), if it is 65.0 ft in diameter and 24.0 ft high? Assume the top is flat.
11,531.65 ft^2
122
What type of pipe consists of one or more steel cages of welded wire fabric or helically wrapped rods welded to longitudinal rods?
Reinforced concrete noncylinder pipe
123
What is effective height?
The total feet of head against which a pump must work.
124
_____ is a measure of the ability of the material to bend without breaking.
Flexural strength
125
The plumbing within a customer's premises regarding cross-connections usually falls under the supervision of _____.
State and local health authorities
126
The volume of water recorded on a turbine meter's register is _____ to the number of revolutions by the _____.
Directly proportional, rotor
127
What is the average MG flow from a storage tank given the following data?
Mon. 7.9
Tues. 8.0
Wed. 6.5
Thurs. 6.8
Fri. 7.0
Sat. 7.3
Sun. 7.8
7.3 MGD
128
Pressure head can be described as ____.
The vertical distance from point of pressure measurement to the hydraulic grade line.
129
Both ____ and _____ customers dislike day-to-day changes in hardness, tastes, temperature, or chemical composition.
Industrial, domestic
130
If a tank has a circumference of 323 ft, what is the diameter?
103 ft
131
Metal scrappers have on their body sections _____.
High-carbon spring-steel blades
132
What type of pipe is the most difficulty to tap and repair?
Concrete
133
According to best practices, what percentage of new meters should a water utility test?
10%
134
What is the drawdown of a well if the well yields 129 gpm and the specific yield is 45 gpm/ft?
13.7 ft
135
What type of distribution system piping in general has exposed piping?
Pump station piping
136
What is the heart of the information system for water utilities?
SCADA
137
What type of thrust control would be best on vertical bends?
Thrust anchors
138
The overflow pipe from an elevated tank should be brought down form the maximum tank level to a point about _____ off the ground surface.
2 ft
139
After all packing rings are installed firmly, back off on the gland nuts about _____ before the pump is started.
1 full turn
140
Because of the limited choice of fittings, a combination of special fittings must now be made for ______.
DIP
141
If a pump moves 435,000 gal in exactly 48 hours, how much will it move in seven hours if all other conditions remain the same?
63,400 gal pumped
142
What is used on the discharge side of a pump, starting next to the pump and going out?
A check valve, then a gate valve
143
During an extremely severe winter, frost may penetrate _____ times deeper than the average winter frost depth.
2
144
One advantage of using mechanical seals, if operating properly, is they ____.
Do not wear or damage shaft sleeves
145
A pressure relief valve is essentially just a _____ with an adjustable _____ to maintain pressure on the valve seat to keep the valve closed under normal pressure conditions.
Globe valve, spring
146
Determine the head loss in psi for a pipe that has a water velocity of 2.95 fps.
0.058 psi
147
The most popular pipe joint is the _____.
Push-on joint
148
A garden hose connected to a chemical dispenser would produce what type of potential cross-connection hazard?
Backsiphonage
149
This type of pump uses closely meshed gears, vanes, or lobes.
Rotary pump
150
When testing positive-displacement meters for accuracy, how many different flows are usually used?
Three
151
The relief valve on the discharge side of a pump is for ____.
a. protecting the pump from excessive surge pressures
b. flow control
c. pressure regulation
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
152
Water quality design considerations for storage facilities must conform to the latest _____ and _____ standards.
AWWA, National Science Foundation (NSF)
153
A water tank with the capacity of 2.85 MG is being filled at a rate of 1,750 gpm. How many hours will it take to fill the tank?
27.1 hours
154
Turbine meters have _____, but water must be moving at sufficient speed before the _____ will start to rotate.
Low friction loss, rotor
155
What type of pump has a relatively low initial cost but needs periodic checks to monitor impeller, packing, or mechanical seal condition?
Centrifugal pump
156
What type of pump is a multistage, mixed-flow, centrifugal pump or turbine pump with an integral or close-connected motor?
Submersible pump
157
A trench that is 4.2 ft wide, 728 ft long, and 4.5 ft deep is excavated for the purpose or installing a water main. Determine the number of cubic feet and cubic yards that need to be excavated for this water main.
510 yd^3
158
Each backflow prevention device should be tested for correct operation _____ by an individual specifically qualified for such testing and repair.
Annually
159
A rectangular water storage tank is partially underground. The tank is 50.0 ft long, 24.0 ft wide, and 18.5 ft high. What is the upward force of water pressure in pounds lifting up the tank if the groundwater is 8.13 ft above the base of the tank?
609,000 lb
160
A water tank has the capacity of 1.75 MG is being filled at a rate of 1,100 GPM. How many hours will it take to fill the tank?
26.5 hr
161
In freezing climates, all hydrants should be inspected in the _____.
autumn
162
Most couplings are of the _____ and require periodic maintenance, usually every _____.
Lubrication style, 6 months or at annual intervals
163
Power systems in the United States operate _____.
60 cycles or 60 Hz
164
What is a serious disadvantage of using barometric loops?
Too high a space requirement
165
A reduced-pressure zone backflow preventer must be included in locations where the relief port cannot _____.
a. Be submerged
b. Be vandalized
c. Freeze
d. All of the above.
Answer: d. All of the above
166
A distribution main is defined as any pipe in the distribution system _____.
Other than a service line
167
When testing current or compound meters for accuracy, how many flow rates are typically used?
4
168
In general, fire flow, when delivered to a fire department pumper, has a specified residual pressure of.
20 psi
169
If the pressure head on a fire hydrant is 188 ft, what is the pressure in psi?
81.4 psi
170
If a tank's radius is 49.8 ft, what is the area of the tank's bottom?
7,790 ft^2
171
Fire protection for a community is based on the size of the ______.
a. mains
b. storage facilities
c. pumping facilities
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the above
172
What type of booster pump is generally used in water distribution pumping?
Vertical turbine pump
173
Water rights acquired by means of diverting and putting the water to beneficial use following procedures established by state statures or courts would be _____.
Appropriative rights
174
If water flows out of a new well that taps an aquifer without the help of the pump, it is called a _____.
Artesian well
175
Customers that have a wide variation in water use should be supplied with a _____.
Compound meter
176
A 10.0-in. main line needs to be flushed. If the desired length of pipeline to be flushed is 1,625 ft, how many minutes will it take to flush the line at 50.0 gpm?
132 min
177
When a section of pipe is replaced, the new piece must have a pressure rating _____.
Equal or greater than that
178
What type of pump is commonly called a can pump?
Turbine pump
179
Ductile-iron pipe resembles what other type of pipe?
Cast-iron pipe
180
Determine the flow in fps if a water flow of 315 gpm is going through an 8.0-in. pipe.
2.01 ft/s
181
If a tank is not tall enough to accept full system pressure without overflowing, _____ is installed. Also, flow out of this type of tank is usually _____.
An altitude valve, unrestricted
182
Of the following, what type of pipe is still manufactured and used in the United States?
Ductile iron
183
Nitrates and nitrites that get into the distribution system due to a cross-connection will cause _____.
Blue baby syndrome (methemoglobinemia)
184
When the reduced pressure zone backflow preventer is operating correctly and the ____ pressure exceeds the _____ pressure, the supply pressure opposes the _____ and keeps the valve closed.
Supply, downstream, relief valve's spring tension
Distribution
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