Entails categorization which enables one to group together items according to their similarities.
Classification
Wherein one breaks down a concept into its constituent parts
Division
Parallel similarities
Consistency
No overlapping
Exclusiveness
No important part is omitted from the writing
Completeness
An extended comparison between two things that are similar in some way.
Analogy
An indirect comparison between or among objects
Metaphor
Combines two contradictory terms to create a unique expression or highlight a complex idea.
Oxymoron