DNA

Question 1

what is the genome?

Answer 1

the total DNA of an organism- coding for all of its characteristics

Question 2

what is a chromosome?

Answer 2

• a straight (linear) strand of DNA.
• most cells contain pairs of chromosomes- 2 strands with the same genes

Question 3

what is a gene?

Answer 3

a short section of DNA within a chromosome- it codes for a specific protein (gives us characteristics)

Question 4

what is DNA?

Answer 4

-the chemical which contains the information for making proteins
- contains the instructions for all the structures and reactions needed in all the cells of an organism

Question 5

what is DNA made up of?

Answer 5

• a double stranded molecule- made of 2 chains of nucleotides
• the strands coil to make a double helix

Question 6

what is a nucleotide formed of?

Answer 6

a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate and a nitrogenous base

Question 7

what are the 4 bases?

Answer 7

• adenine
• thymine
• cytosine
• guanine

Question 8

the bases form complementary pairs which joins…

Answer 8

sugar- phosphate backbones together

Question 9

adenine always pairs with what?

Answer 9

thymine

Question 10

cytosine always pairs with what?

Answer 10

guanine