Define DNA.
A molecule that carries genetic instructions for life.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
True or false: DNA is found in all living organisms.
TRUE
Fill in the blank: DNA is shaped like a _______.
double helix
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides.
Define nucleotide.
The basic unit of DNA, consisting of a sugar, phosphate, and base.
What are the four bases in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.
True or false: Adenine pairs with Thymine in DNA.
TRUE
Fill in the blank: Cytosine pairs with _______ in DNA.
Guanine
What is the function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
Define gene.
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
What is chromatin?
A complex of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus.
True or false: DNA replication occurs before cell division.
TRUE
What enzyme is responsible for DNA replication?
DNA polymerase.
Fill in the blank: Transcription is the process of making _______ from DNA.
RNA
Define mutation.
A change in the DNA sequence that can affect gene function.
What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?
To carry the genetic code from DNA to ribosomes.
True or false: mRNA is a type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA.
TRUE
What is genetic engineering?
The manipulation of an organism’s DNA to achieve desired traits.
Fill in the blank: CRISPR is a tool used for _______ editing.
gene
Define genome.
The complete set of genes or genetic material in an organism.
What is the Human Genome Project?
An international research project to map all human genes.
True or false: DNA can be extracted from hair and saliva.
TRUE
What is forensic DNA analysis?
The use of DNA profiling to identify individuals in criminal cases.
