DSM-5 (TEST 2)

Question 1

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

Answer 1

1. Two or more distinct personality states with changes in behavior, memory, and perception.
2. Recurrent gaps in recall of everyday events, personal information, or trauma.
3. Not explained by cultural/religious practices (e.g., possession states).
4. Not due to substance use or another medical condition.

Question 2

How is Somatic Symptom Disorder diagnosed in the DSM-5?

Answer 2

1. One or more distressing somatic symptoms (pain, fatigue, etc.).
2. Excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to symptoms (e.g., persistent worry).
3. Symptoms persist for 6+ months.

Question 2

What are the core symptoms of Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder?

Answer 2

1. Depersonalization – Feeling detached from oneself (watching oneself from outside).
2. Derealization – Feeling the world is unreal or distorted.
3. Reality testing remains intact (person knows it’s not real).
4. Symptoms cause distress or impairment in functioning.
5. Not due to substances or another disorder.

Question 3

What is the key DSM-5 feature of Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions (PFAMC)?

Answer 3

A medical condition is present, but psychological factors:
1. Influence the course or worsening of the condition (e.g., stress-induced asthma).
1. Interfere with treatment adherence (e.g., refusing necessary medical care).
1. Increase health risks (e.g., ignoring heart attack symptoms).

Question 3

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Schizophrenia?

Answer 3

At least 2 of the following for 1+ month (one must be #1, 2, or 3):
1. Delusions (fixed, false beliefs).
1. Hallucinations (sensory experiences without external stimuli).
1. Disorganized speech (incoherence, derailment).
1. Disorganized or catatonic behavior (unpredictable, rigid posture).
1. Negative symptoms (flat affect, social withdrawal).
Symptoms must persist for at least 6 months and cause dysfunction

Question 4

How does Schizoaffective Disorder differ from Schizophrenia?

Answer 4

• Schizoaffective Disorder includes schizophrenia symptoms + mood disorder (depression/mania).
• Delusions/hallucinations occur for 2+ weeks without mood symptoms.

Question 5

What are examples of psychological factors affecting medical conditions in the DSM-5?

Answer 5

Asthma exacerbation triggered by stress.
Hypertension worsened by anxiety.
Chronic pain intensified by depression or stress.
Immune function compromised by chronic stress.

Question 6

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Dissociative Amnesia?

Answer 6

1. Inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually related to trauma/stress.
2. Not due to substance use or a neurological condition (e.g., brain injury).
3. Causes significant distress or impairment in daily life.
4. May include Dissociative Fugue – sudden travel or wandering with memory loss of identity or life history.

Question 6

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)?

Answer 6

(5+ symptoms required):

1. Fear of abandonment.
2. Unstable relationships (idealization/devaluation).
3. Unstable self-image.
4. Impulsivity (e.g., spending, sex, substance use).
5. Self-harm/suicidal behaviors.
6. Mood instability (intense, short-lived emotions).
7. Chronic feelings of emptiness.
8. Intense anger.
9. Dissociation or paranoia under stress.

Question 6

How does Schizoaffective Disorder differ from Schizophrenia?

Answer 6

• Schizoaffective Disorder includes schizophrenia symptoms + mood disorder (depression/mania).
• Delusions/hallucinations occur for 2+ weeks without mood symptoms.

Question 7

What is the key DSM-5 feature of Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions (PFAMC)?

Answer 7

A medical condition is present, but psychological factors:
1. Influence the course or worsening of the condition (e.g., stress-induced asthma).
1. Interfere with treatment adherence (e.g., refusing necessary medical care).
1. Increase health risks (e.g., ignoring heart attack symptoms).

Question 8

What are the key features of Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions in the DSM-5?

Answer 8

1. A medical condition is present (e.g., asthma, heart disease, cancer).
2. Psychological factors:
   * Influence the course of the condition (e.g., stress worsening asthma).
   * Interfere with treatment adherence (e.g., noncompliance with medical recommendations).
   * Increase the risk of suffering or health problems (e.g., ignoring medical advice leading to complications).
3. Symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder.

Question 8

How does Bulimia Nervosa differ from Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 8

• Recurrent binge eating episodes with loss of control.
• Compensatory behaviors (vomiting, fasting, excessive exercise).
• Occurs at least once a week for 3 months.
• Normal or overweight (unlike Anorexia).

Question 9

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Schizophrenia?

Answer 9

At least 2 of the following for 1+ month (one must be #1, 2, or 3):

1. Delusions (fixed, false beliefs).
2. Hallucinations (sensory experiences without external stimuli).
3. Disorganized speech (incoherence, derailment).
4. Disorganized or catatonic behavior (unpredictable, rigid posture).
5. Negative symptoms (flat affect, social withdrawal).
   Symptoms must persist for at least 6 months and cause dysfunction.

Question 10

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Anorexia Nervosa?

Answer 10

Restriction of energy intake → significantly low body weight.
Intense fear of gaining weight or behaviors preventing weight gain.
Distorted body image or lack of recognition of low weight.

Restricting type: No binge eating/purging in past 3 months.
Binge-eating/purging type: Engages in binge eating or purging.

Question 10

What are the DSM-5 criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)?

Answer 10

1. Violation of others’ rights since age 15.
2. 3+ of the following:
   * Repeated law-breaking.
   * Deceitfulness (lying, conning).
   * Impulsivity.
   * Irritability & aggression (physical fights).
   * Reckless disregard for safety.
   * Irresponsibility (failure to sustain work).
   * Lack of remorse.
3. Must be 18+ years old (before 18, it’s Conduct Disorder).

Question 10

How does Schizotypal Personality Disorder differ from Schizophrenia?

Answer 10

• Odd beliefs & magical thinking (not full delusions).
• Social anxiety & paranoia, but no severe hallucinations.
• Eccentric behavior & speech patterns.