What is the first component of the Virchow Triad related to VTE risk factors?
Stasis of blood flow
This includes factors such as prolonged immobility, older age (>60), atrial fibrillation, varicose veins, and obesity.
List the factors associated with stasis of blood flow in the Virchow Triad.
- Prolonged immobility (bed rest, long flights)
- Older age (>60)
- Atrial fibrillation
- Varicose veins
- Obesity
These factors increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
What is the second component of the Virchow Triad related to VTE risk factors?
Endothelial injury
This can occur due to trauma, surgeries, or venous injury.
List the factors associated with endothelial injury in the Virchow Triad.
- Trauma (hip fracture)
- Abdominal and pelvic surgeries
- Venous injury (phlebotomy)
- IV drug use
Endothelial injury increases the risk of VTE.
What is the third component of the Virchow Triad related to VTE risk factors?
Hypercoagulability
This condition can be influenced by various factors, including malignancy and hormonal therapies.
List the factors associated with hypercoagulability in the Virchow Triad.
- Malignancy
- Birth control and hormone therapy containing estrogen
- Pregnancy and postpartum
- Tobacco use
- Dehydration
These factors contribute to an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
