Dynamic Development

Question 1

Ethiopia Locational

Answer 1

Ethiopia is located in Eastern Africa and has a population of 94million. It has a life expectancy of 63years and a HDI of 0.435

Question 2

Progress towards the millennium development goals

Answer 2

Eradicate poverty and hunger:
- Population in poverty has dropped from 49% to 29%
- 40% of children are still malnourished
- 28% of population still have insufficient access to food

Reduce Child mortality
- Infant mortality has reduced from 45/1000 to 97/1000
- 65% of children have now received vaccinations

Achieve universal primary education:
- 96% of children are now enrolled in primary education
- Literacy rate is only 49%

Question 3

H&M in Ethiopia Locational

Answer 3

• Ethiopia was the first African country which H&M began business with in 2013
• Textile industry is taking off and H&M are looking to take advantage of this

Question 4

H&M Top-Down Scheme

Answer 4

• A textile factory in Mekelle employed 5000 people who were all given long-term and sustainable jobs, but given the 1.4million young people who are searching for a job each year this is not much (good quality working conditions too)
• Some people work 6days a week at a wage of $1.25, which is the poverty line. Even though hours are limited to 48hrs a week, this is still not enough to sustain a healthy lifestyle
• H&M invested $15million into the textile industry in order to improve development. In the first 8months of 2015, Ethiopia earned $75.3million from textile export and is aiming for $100mill for the whole year

Question 5

Honey Scheme Farm Africa Locational

Answer 5

Farm Africa is a UK-based charity that works with communities and farmers in Africa. Ethiopia is the largest honey producer in Sub-Saharan Africa, producing 45,000 metric tonnes of raw honey annually

Question 6

Honey Production Farm Africa

Answer 6

• Farm Africa supplied 540 local farmers with a beekeeping kit (two hives, two bee colonies, 4kg of wax and gear) alongside training
• Farmers who participated in the project earned £88 per hive per year and this was roughly 29% of their income.
  -80% of the honey was marketed and 20% was consumed by the families producing it, improving the local food security