BGP
Border Gateway Protocol (protocol of the internet), also an Exterior Gateway Protocol when connecting many organizations together, path vectoring
IGP
Interior Gateway Protocol - routing protocols within an organization
RIP, RIPv2
Distance vectoring, very clumsy
OSPF
Open shortest-path first - link state, very precise
Asymmetric Routing
Multiple pathways to and from a destination increase chances of going one way and returning another, i.e. different ISPs