P bears responsibility for deciding whether to call a W.
J not obliged to to question R’s reasons.
J can ask C to reconsider at close, but can not compell.
J may comment on C’s failure to call a witness but see [Dyers]
J should not call a witness but for exceptional circustances.
J should not call W save for “eceptional circumstances”.
C need to point to factors of “unreliability” - appropriate steps include interviewing witnesses.
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2
Q
SH v R
A
strict compliance with s 13(5)(c) required explaining 3 paragraphs.
does not need to be verbatim, but should strictly convey the substance of s 13(5).
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3
Q
Browne v Dunn
A
the cross-examiner must put to each of the opponent’s witnesses so much of his own case as concerns that witness or on which that witness could give evidence.
in short, if you intend to lead evidence that is contrary to what witness has said - you need to put it to them in cross-examination