ear

Question 1

overall function of ear

Answer 1

• hearing

- balance

Question 2

which parts of ear amplify and transmit sound waves to fluid-filled ear

Answer 2

external and middle ear

Question 3

structures in the external ear

Answer 3

• pinna
• eardrum aka tympanic membrane
• ear canal aka external auditory meatus

Question 4

pinna function

Answer 4

collects sound waves towards tympanic mem

Question 5

which ear structure vibrates itself and the bones

Answer 5

-ear drum aka tympanic membrane

Question 6

which part of the ear are the ossicles a part of

Answer 6

middle ear

Question 7

which ossicle vibrates the oval window

Answer 7

staples

Question 8

function of the ossicles

Answer 8

-transduce sound

Question 9

order of ossicles (outer to most inner)

Answer 9

malleus -> incus -> staples

Question 10

oval window location

Answer 10

middle ear

Question 11

which window is the entrance to cochlea and touches the staples

Answer 11

-oval window

Question 12

eustachian tube location

Answer 12

middle ear

Question 13

what does the Eustachian tube connect to

Answer 13

pharynx

Question 14

what is an ear infection known as

Answer 14

otitis

Question 15

who is more likely to get ear infections

Answer 15

-kids

Question 16

components of the inner ear

Answer 16

• round window
• vestibular apratus
• chochlea

Question 17

which window dissipates sound

Answer 17

round window

Question 18

which window seals off tympanic membrane from middle ear

Answer 18

round window

Question 19

which inner ear structure contributes to balance

Answer 19

vestibular appratus

Question 20

function of cochlea

Answer 20

-hearing

Question 21

CN8 aka

Answer 21

vestibulochochlear nerve

Question 22

which nerve takes sound to the temporal lobe

Answer 22

cn8 / vestibulochochlear nerve

Question 23

function of the 3 tubes tubes in cochlea

Answer 23

-sound transduction occur

Question 24

oval window is the ‘gateway’ to which duct of the cochlea

Answer 24

-vestibular duct

Question 25

cochlear duct is the

Answer 25

middle duct

Question 26

scala vestibuli aka

Answer 26

vestibular duct

Question 27

what is the vestibular duct filled with ?

Answer 27

ecf/ perilymph

Question 28

which duct is filled with icf/ endolymph

Answer 28

scala media aka cochlear duct

Question 29

organ of corti function

Answer 29

sense organ for hearing

Question 30

which structure in the cochlea is the connecting point for the upper and lower compartment

Answer 30

helicotrema

Question 31

which ear structure has hair cells

Answer 31

organ of corti

Question 32

how are neural signals generated in ear hair cells

Answer 32

-when hair is deformed or moved

Question 33

what is the longer part of the hair cell called

Answer 33

kinocilium

Question 34

what does the base of the hairs touch

Answer 34

basilar membrane

Question 35

what does the top of the hair touch

Answer 35

tectoral membrane

Question 36

sterocilia in organ of corti structure

Answer 36

smaller hair cell

Question 37

position of hair cells at rest

Answer 37

both are straight

Question 38

when does the sterocilia move towards kinochilium

Answer 38

during exicitation

Question 39

postion of kinicilium during repolarization

Answer 39

-moving toward sternocilia

Question 40

what is the change during 1rst transduction of modality

Answer 40

-mechanical change

Question 41

when does the 1rst transduction occur

Answer 41

when tympanic membrane converts sound to vibration

Question 42

fluid vibration in the outer canal of the cochlea is an example of

Answer 42

2nd transduction of modality

Question 43

when does depolarization occur during sound conduction

Answer 43

- tectoral mem moves | - kinochium vibrates

Question 44

when does chemical change occur during sound conduction and which stage of transduction is it

Answer 44

- release of neurotransmitters | - 3rd transduction

Question 45

when does the 4th transduction of modality occur

Answer 45

when electrical change occurs | -ap is carried to temporal lobe

Question 46

what cn carriers ni to temporal lobe

Answer 46

cn8, vestibuloarcochelar nerve

Question 47

types of hearing loss (HL)

Answer 47

- conductive - centeral - sensornerual

Question 48

which type of HL is reversible and caused by excessive earwax build-up

Answer 48

-conductive HL

Question 49

ruptured eardrum is an example to which type of HL

Answer 49

-conductive

Question 50

what happens when the ear drum is ruptured

Answer 50

- middle ear infections - fluid accumulation - restriction of ossicle movement

Question 51

central HL is related to

Answer 51

-loss in neural pathways / or cortex

Question 52

cause of central HL is

Answer 52

- strokes | - meningitis

Question 53

which HL is uncommon and could be permanent

Answer 53

central loss

Question 54

which type of HL is brought on by loss of sensory regions

Answer 54

sensorneural loss

Question 55

loss of sensory region means

Answer 55

cochlea lost transduction capacity

Question 56

who is more vulnerable to sensonerual loss

Answer 56

-older people

Question 57

-hearing aids and cochlear with which type of HL

Answer 57

sensorneural loss

Question 58

What happens with lose otholids?

Answer 58

ringing ears

Question 59

which diseases increases abnormal pressure

Answer 59

meineres disease

Question 60

symptoms of meineres disease

Answer 60

- dizzyness - tinnitus - nausea - many affect cochlear

Question 61

what misbehaves in meineres disease

Answer 61

vestibular apparatus

Question 62

what influence does amplitude have on sound perception

Answer 62

-loudness

Question 63

what contributes to measuring pitch of sound

Answer 63

frequency

Question 64

function of vestibular apparatus

Answer 64

-equillibirum and balance

Question 65

How many canals does the vestibular apparatus have?

Answer 65

3

Question 66

what are the two otoliths organs of the vestibular apparatus

Answer 66

saccule | utricle

Question 67

where are the hair cells on the vestibular apparatus

Answer 67

on the 2 otoliths regions

Question 68

how are the hair cells organized in the saccule

Answer 68

vertically

Question 69

Function of saccule

Answer 69

- monitor vertical movement | - trampoline and elevator

Question 70

which otolith region is used for balance with leaning (moving head forward and back)

Answer 70

-utricle

Question 71

which otolith region has hair cells are horizontal

Answer 71

-utricle

Question 72

what is the macula covered by

Answer 72

otoliths

Question 73

what are otoliths made of

Answer 73

-protein + calcium carbonate

Question 74

which structure governs equilibrium and g forces

Answer 74

otoliths

Question 75

what are the three canals of the semi-circular canals

Answer 75

- superior semicircular canal - horizontal canal - posterior canal

Question 76

what is semi-circular canal filled with

Answer 76

isf/ endolymph

Question 77

how Is ni generated in the semicircular canals

Answer 77

fluid vibrating

Question 78

function of semi-circular canals

Answer 78

balance

Question 79

ampula function

Answer 79

fluid collects

Question 80

which semicircular fluid is used for head nodding (yes)

Answer 80

-superior semicircular canal

Question 81

horizontal canal function

Answer 81

-shaking head 'no'

Question 82

which is the smallest semicircular canal

Answer 82

horizontal canal

Question 83

which semicircular fluid is used for tilting your head side to side

Answer 83

posterior canal

Question 84

which canal causes dizziness

Answer 84

posterior canal