chicago school goal and conclusion
aimed to understand the natural laws of social existence
concluded that social space/ecology is RESPONSIBLE for crime and deviance
nativism
a collective effort involving force and hostility to preserve culture
W. Thomas and the Polish Peasant
examined the disruptive forces attached to immigration
1. people had trouble assimilating into NEW WORLD values.
2. social controls are difficult to exert
3. absence of normative order created an “anything goes” mentality
Sellin and the Montagnais Indians
problems due to implementing French laws into Colonies (i.e. Algeria)
conclusion: culture differences = natural outgrowth of processes
Burgess and Park’s concentric zone model
- central business district (core)
- transition zone (factories/abandoned buildings) - MOST CRIME
- working class zone (single family tenements)
- residential zone (single family homes)
- communter zone (suburbia)
Shaw and McKay conclusions on the concentric zone model
- social issues = spatially produced
- transition zone = highest social problems
- transition zone highest regardless of ethnic groups
- all types of social issues exist in the transition zone
Stark’s conclusions on crime ecology
the higher the density, the higher the crime/moral cynicism/transience rates
lenient law enforcement is damaging to vulnerable neighbourhoods
cities allow for …
high specialization
high coordination
economics of scale
criticisms - Whyte, isomorphism, corporate crime?
Whyte: social disorganization theory signifies that the observer has not understood what was seen (misinterpreted)
isomorphism: cause and effect?
corporate crime is IGNORED
