ECOLOGY 2

Question 1

Environment is the interaction between organisms and their surroundings.

Answer 1

Answer: FALSE – Ecosystem

Question 2

The biosphere is the rocky outer layer of the Earth.

Answer 2

Answer: FALSE – Lithosphere

Question 3

Abiotic factors include soil, temperature, and water.

Answer 3

Answer: TRUE

Question 4

Temperature is not affected by sunlight.

Answer 4

Answer: FALSE – Temperature is strongly influenced by sunlight

Question 5

Homeotherms can maintain a constant body temperature.

Answer 5

Answer: TRUE

Question 6

Poikilotherms maintain a constant body temperature.

Answer 6

Answer: FALSE – Homeotherms

Question 7

Sunlight is the primary source of energy for all ecosystems.

Answer 7

Answer: TRUE

Question 8

Photoperiodism is the plant’s response to water availability.

Answer 8

Answer: FALSE – It is the response to light and dark periods

Question 9

Phytochrome detects seasonal changes in light.

Answer 9

Answer: TRUE

Question 10

Day-neutral plants flower depending on the length of light exposure.

Answer 10

Answer: FALSE – They flower regardless of light exposure

Question 11

Water covers about 70% of the Earth’s surface.

Answer 11

Answer: TRUE

Question 12

Xerophytes live in abundant water.

Answer 12

Answer: FALSE – Hydrophytes

Question 13

Hydrophytes are plants that live in dry environments.

Answer 13

Answer: FALSE – Xerophytes

Question 14

Water has a low specific heat.

Answer 14

Answer: FALSE – High specific heat

Question 15

Wind affects pollination and seed dispersal.

Answer 15

Answer: TRUE

Question 16

Soil provides habitat and nutrients for many organisms.

Answer 16

Answer: TRUE

Question 17

Sand particles are the smallest among soil types.

Answer 17

Answer: FALSE – Clay

Question 18

Soil with pH 4.6 is suitable for most plants.

Answer 18

Answer: FALSE – Too acidic

Question 19

Soil with pH 7.0 is near neutral.

Answer 19

Answer: TRUE

Question 20

Biotic factors include temperature and sunlight.

Answer 20

Answer: FALSE – Abiotic factors

Question 21

Producers are also called autotrophs.

Answer 21

Answer: TRUE

Question 22

Heterotrophs can produce their own food.

Answer 22

Answer: FALSE – Autotrophs

Question 23

Consumers depend on other organisms for food.

Answer 23

Answer: TRUE

Question 24

Decomposers recycle nutrients back to the environment.

Answer 24

Answer: TRUE

Question 25

Detritivores feed on living organisms.

Answer 25

Answer: FALSE – Feed on dead organic matter

Question 26

Producers occupy the second trophic level.

Answer 26

Answer: FALSE – First trophic level

Question 27

Primary consumers are herbivores.

Answer 27

Answer: TRUE

Question 28

Secondary consumers are carnivores.

Answer 28

Answer: TRUE

Question 29

Tertiary consumers receive 10% of the total energy.

Answer 29

Answer: FALSE – 0.1%

Question 30

The flow of energy in a food chain is cyclic.

Answer 30

Answer: FALSE – It is one-way

Question 31

A food chain shows who eats whom.

Answer 31

Answer: TRUE

Question 32

The detrital food chain starts with green plants.

Answer 32

Answer: FALSE – Starts with dead organic matter

Question 33

A food web is a network of interconnected food chains.

Answer 33

Answer: TRUE

Question 34

Ecological pyramids show energy flow and feeding relationships.

Answer 34

Answer: TRUE

Question 35

The pyramid of biomass shows the number of organisms.

Answer 35

Answer: FALSE – Pyramid of Numbers

Question 36

The pyramid of numbers shows the total mass of organisms.

Answer 36

Answer: FALSE – Pyramid of Biomass

Question 37

The pyramid of energy shows energy loss at each trophic level.

Answer 37

Answer: TRUE

Question 38

Energy transfer between trophic levels is 100% efficient.

Answer 38

Answer: FALSE – Only 10% efficient

Question 39

Abiotic components include living organisms.

Answer 39

Answer: FALSE – Non-living

Question 40

The lithosphere is part of the biosphere.

Answer 40

Answer: FALSE – Biosphere is part of Earth where life exists

Question 41

Water has a neutral pH.

Answer 41

Answer: TRUE

Question 42

High surface tension is a property of air.

Answer 42

Answer: FALSE – Property of water

Question 43

Wind is a moving air caused by sunlight.

Answer 43

Answer: TRUE

Question 44

Soil is purely organic material.

Answer 44

Answer: FALSE – Made of rocks and organic matter

Question 45

Temperature affects metabolism of organisms.

Answer 45

Answer: TRUE

Question 46

Light has no effect on photosynthesis.

Answer 46

Answer: FALSE – Light is essential for photosynthesis

Question 47

Autotrophs and heterotrophs are abiotic components.

Answer 47

Answer: FALSE – Biotic components

Question 48

Homeotherms include mammals and birds.

Answer 48

Answer: TRUE

Question 49

Plants use phytochrome to detect light changes.

Answer 49

Answer: TRUE

Question 50

The biosphere includes all living and non-living systems.

Answer 50

Answer: TRUE