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ED Flashcards

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1
Q

What is EMTALA?

A

“anti dumping law”

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2
Q

What does this law make providers do? -EMTALA

A

allow medical screening

address any emergency medical condition by appropriately treating, stabilizing, transferring

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3
Q

Who does EMTALA apply to?-EMTALA

A

all hospital/providers participating in medicare

all pts regardless of pay, insurance, national, origin, race, creed, color

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4
Q

What are the boundaries of being on grounds?-EMTALA

A

on campus

off campus - 250yd

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5
Q

Who can be transferred out?-EMTALA

A

pt is stable
pt needs higher care
pt wants to transfer

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6
Q

How can you transfer?-EMTALA

A

call must be made ahead of time
official forms must be filled out
all paperwork, reports sent

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7
Q

What does medical screen consist of? -EMTALA

A 
CC
vital signs
general appearance
mental status
ability to walk
focused PE
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8
Q

What is “medical emergency”?-EMTALA

A

acute sx of sufficient severity - severe pain

if no help is given then it could end fatally

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9
Q

What is HIPPA?

A

consent is needed before sharing info
health info is to only be used for health purposes
when it does get shared, min amount should be given

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10
Q

When can info be shared without HIPPA?

A

purpose of treatment
payment
operaiton

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11
Q

What are reportable events? -HIPPA

A 
death
child/elder abuse/neglect
sexual assault
knife/gun wound
animal bites
epilepsy
threat of harm to self/others
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12
Q

What is tx without consent?

A

BATTERY

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13
Q

What is the universal gaol of health care?

A

do what is best for the pt

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14
Q

What are the types of consent?

A

general consent - general consent
informed consent - for dx studies/procedures/invasive
-dx, purpose of tx, risk/benefits, alt tx, and consequence of tx
implied consent- assumption b/c pt is not able to formally give consent

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15
Q

What if pt refuses tx?

A

Against Medical Advice - AMA: pt is able to make decision, paperwork is needed; but if prob if pt is drunk/psychiatric disorder

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16
Q

What is DNR?

A

do not resuscitate

-can get IV, fludis. O2, meds

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17
Q

What is malpractice?

A

negligence by provider

  • duty to care: relationship between pt was made
  • breach of duty to care: failed to provide tx
  • proximate cause: negligence caused the injury
  • damages: monetary value by the jury
  • statue limitation of 2 yrs
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18
Q

What is good samaritan law? not apply to?

A

helping those who need it

does NOT apply when working

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19
Q

What is pt abandonment?

A

unilateral termination of provider-pt relationship WITHOUT pt consent and notice

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20
Q

What is the main difference between somatic and visceral pain? -chest pain

A

somatic: able to point
visceral: hard to pin-point

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21
Q

What is the difference between visceral, pleurtic, and chest wall?

A

visceral: deep, poorly localized, radiates
pleuritic: deep BREATHING, coughing
chest wall: pain can be reproduced w/ palpation, movement

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22
Q

Pt has crushing, tightness,s squeezing, pressure? Location? radiates? other sx?

A

angina pectoris
location: retrosternal/epigastric
radiates: R/L shoulder/arm, jaw
other sx: dyspnea, diaphroresis, nausea

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23
Q

Pt has heaviness, tightness? Location? Other sx?

A

massive PE
location: whole chest
other sx: dyspnea, unstable vital signs, feeling of impending doom

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24
Q

Pt has pleuritc pain? Location? other sx?

A

PE
location: focal chest
other sx: tachycardia, tachypnea

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25
Pt has ripping, tearing? Location? radiates? other sx?
Aortic dissection location: midline, substernal radiating: intrascapular area of back other sx: secondary artery branch occlusion
26
Pt has sudden, sharp, lancinating, pleurtic pain? Location? radiates? other sx?
pneumothorax Location: one side of chest radiation: shoulder, back other: dyspnea
27
Pt has sudden, sharp, AFTER forceful vomiting? Location? radiates? other sx?
esophageal rupture location: substernal radiation: back other sx: dyspnea, diaphoresis, sepsis
28
Pt has sharp, constant pleuritic pain? Location? radiates? other sx?
pericaditis location: substernal radiates: back, neck, shoulder other sx: fever, friction rub
29
Pt has sharp, pleurtic pain on chest and fever?
pneumonia
30
Pt has severe sharp pain at epigastric that goes back up into chest? Other sx?
Perforated peptic ulcer | other sx: acute distress, diphoresis
31
What are sx of acute coronary sx?
anginal apin for 2-20min | AMI pain 2min-2hrs
32
Pt has hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds? What is this called?
cardiac tamponade | becks triad
33
What work up to do for chest pain?
EKG troponin CXR
34
How to stabilize chest pain?
ABC IV fluids O2 cardiac monitoring
35
How to tx ACS/AMI?
MONA (morphine, O2, nitro, ASA) +/-Beta
36
How to tx cardiac tamponade?
pericardiocentesis
37
How to tx aortic dissection
initial: central line, morphine (pain), fluids (hypotension) stabe: propranolol, diltiazem, enalapril unstable: surgery
38
How to tx esophageal spasm/rupture?
spasm: nitro rupture: airway, fluids, surgery
39
How to tx pericarditis?
NSAID | colchincine
40
How to tx pneumothorax (tension)?
severe/unstable: needle decompression | definitive: chest tub ethoracotomy
41
What is the diff between dyspnea and respiratory distress?
dyspnea: subjective | respiratory distress: objective
42
What are red flags for dyspnea?
decreased mental status labored breathing speaking in fragmented sent cyanosis
43
What can trigger CHF/PE?
ischemia | arrhythmias
44
Pt has wheezing, poor air movement, coughing? Triggers?
Asthma/COPD | triggers: pulm infxn, allergens, chemical irritants
45
Pt has moist crackles, JVD, pedal edema? What other sx?
CHF/PE S3 pink/frothy sputum
46
Pt has stridor, drooling, hoarseness, swelling? Triggers?
upper airway | triggers: FB, infxn-epiglottitis, hypersensitive rxn-angioedema
47
Pt has cough, fever, pleuritic chest pain? Triggers?
pneumonia | triggers: viral URI, influenza, hx of resp probl
48
Pt has dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, hemoptysis? Triggers?
PE | triggers: hx of PE/DVTm smoking, OCP use, cancer, immobilization, recent trauma
49
Pt has pleurtic hcest pain, uneven chest rise/breath sounds, tracheal shift? Trigger?
pneumothorax | triggers: young, tall, male, smoker
50
Work up for dyspnea?
CXR
51
How to tx CHF/PE?
BiPAP lasix nitro morphine
52
How to tx ashtma/copd?
duoneb solumedrol PPV +/-abx
53
How to tx pneumothorax?
15-20%: tube thoracotomy
54
How to tx pneumonia?
empiric IV abx w/in 6hrs
55
How to tx PE?
stable: enoxaparin unstable: alteplase
56
How to tx croup?
racemic | decardron
57
How to tx angioedema?
epi H1/H2 blockers glucocorticoid
58
How to tx epiglottis?
do not examine airway | rocephin + solumedrol
59
How to tx FB in throat?
stable: NO blind attempts unstable: back blows, heimlich, compression
60
Which ones do you have to be ready to intubate, crich?
epiglottis | FB
61
What is the diff between parietal and visceral? -abdominal
parietal: pt does NOT move; peritoneum is irritated visceral: pt moves EVERYWHERE
62
Murphy sign?
gallbladder
63
Mcburney?
appendix
64
Psoas?
retrocecal appendix
65
Obturator sign?
pelvic inflammation lower appendix diverticuluosis
66
Pt has low grade fever, epigastric tenderness, then right lower quad? GI sx? Location? Labs?
appendicities GI sx: anorexia, +/-N/V location: periumbilical to LLQ Labs: high WBC, CT
67
Pt has abdominal distension, high pitched rushes? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` intestinal obstruction GI: vomiting location: diffuse other: crampy lab: Xray- dilated, fluid filled loops; CT w/contrast ```
68
Pt has epigastric tenderness, involuntary guarding? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` perforated duodenal ulcer GI: anorexia, N/V location: epigastric other: abrupt, worse when supine labs: xray- air under diaphragm; CT ```
69
Pt has fever, mass and tenderness in LLQ? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` diverticulitis GI: diarrhea location: LLQ sx: crampy labs: CT ```
70
Pt has fever and diffuse abdominal tenderness, diarrhea (blood and mucus)? Location? other sx? Labs?
IBD location: diffuse in lower abdomen other: crampy location: diffuse labs: blood and WBC in stool; CT scan; barium enema
71
Pt has RUQ tenderness and fever? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` acute cholecystitis GI: anorexia, N/V location: epigastric, RUQ, referred pain to shoulder other: acute labs: US ```
72
Pt has RUQ tenderness that is intermittent?
biliary colic
73
Pt has diffuse abdoiminal tenderness, vascular dz somewhere else w/ diarrhea (bloody)? Location? other sx? Labs?
ischemic colitis location: epigastric, diffuse other: crampy labs: CT, barium enema w/ thumbprinting
74
Pt is in shock, abdominal aneurysm, pulsatile mass? Location? other sx? Labs?
AAA location: epigastrium and back other: abrupt, sharp and severe labs: US, CT
75
Pt is in shock, peritonitis, LUQ tenderness, fx left ribs? Location? other sx? Labs?
ruptured spleen location: LUQ, diffuse, left shoulder other: abrupt, severe labs: CT for liver/spleen, US for free fluid
76
Pt has flank tenderness? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` renal colic GI: N/V location: costvertebral/along ureter other: sudden, severe and sharp labs: UA - hematuria; CT non contrast for obstruction ```
77
Pt has epigastric tenderness w/ elevated serum lipase?GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` acute pancreatitis GI: anorexia, N/V location:epigastric penetrating to back other: acute, dull and severe labs: CT ```
78
Pt has cervical motion tenderness? GI sx? Location? other sx? Labs?
``` acute salpingitis (infxn and inflammation of ovaries) GI: N/V location: bilateral adnexal other: progressively getting worse labs: US ```
79
Pt has adnexal mass and tenderness? Location? other sx? Labs?
ectopic preg location: unilateral, shoulder pain other sx: sudden pain labs: US, hcg positive
80
Pt has violaceous center w/ faint spreading erythema-type of spider bite?
brown recluse spider
81
Pt has HA and similar sx to brown recluse spider-what are they?
hobo spider bite | violaceous center w/ faint spreading erythema
82
Pt has muscle spasms and is in severe pain-spider bite?
widow spider
83
How should spider bites be tx?
no abx; tx symptomatically
84
What to update when bit by animal?
tetanus
85
Which ones are concern for rabies?
``` bats monkeys dogs skunks raccocons foxes carnivores and omnivores ```
86
What are the bugs for cat bite? Tx?
pasteurlla multocida: amox-clav | bartonella hensalae: azithromycin
87
What are bugs for dog bite? Tx?
pasteurella, streptococci, c. cnaimorsus: amox-clav
88
What are bugs for human bite? Tx?
eikenella, satphylococci, streptococci: amox-clav | HSV: acyclovir
89
What is first deg frostbite?
aka frost nip partial freezing stinging- no perm cold weather injury redness, mild swelling, pale, edema
90
What is second deg frostbite?
clear blistering numbness/burning grayish color in dark people, redness in fair people
91
What is the def of frostbite?
true freezing injury of tissue sudden blanching skin of nose, ears, cheeks, toes PAINLESS
92
What is 3rd deg frostbite?
``` blue gray color bleeding blisters loss of sensation poor cap refill hemorrhagic bullae ```
93
When do you do an urgent endoscopy?
``` sharp, elongated object-toothpick MULTIPLE FB button batteries evidence of perforation coin at the cricopharyngeus muscle airway compromise FB there for more than 24hrs ```
94
Pt has dizziness, HA, nausea, unsteady walk, muscle cramps?
heat injury
95
Carbon monoxide sx?
HA -> throbbing HA, dyspnea -> impaired judgement, nausea, fatigue, visual disturbances -> confusion, syncope-> coma, seizures -> hypotension, resp failure
96
Carbon monoxide tx?
cardiac monitor | O2 100%
97
Pt looks gray?
BIG organs are dying
98
Pt looks blue?
NOT getting O2
99
Pt is awake and alert means..?
reticular activating system is on
100
What do neurons need?
glucose ONLY
101
What does the cortex do?
modifies rxn/personalty - responds to painful stimli
102
What to look for if pt is NOT awake?
O2 glucose pump - blood: BP, cap refill, pulses
103
What does the O2 sat tell us?
NOTHING about how much Hgb is in teh body
104
What if pt has O2, glucose, and pump is ok?
check whole body for anatomical changes, infxn, and toxic causes
105
What body cavities to check for w/infxn?
``` head - meningitis lungs - pneumonia -stomach - abodminal process (age dependent) kidneys - urosepsis skin CORE TEMP ```
106
What are toxic causes to check for?
med list; DI self inflicted: ETOH, drugs endy: hyperTHRYOID, steroid withdrawal; HYPOnatremic (VERY COMMON)
107
What to watch out for in pts w/ intracranial bleed-secondary HA?
coumadin HA on exertion thunderclap HA
108
Pt wakes up with a HA? Sx? next step?
intracerebral mass sx: pain changes w/ body position, progressive hA CT w/ contrast
109
Pt is old and has a tender hard nodule on side of head?
temporal artertisis - secondary HA
110
What can cause secondary HA?
closed angle glaucoma temporal artertsis intracerebral mass intracranial bleed
111
What are the phases of wound healing?
``` hemostasis inflammation epithelialization fibroplastic collagen syntehsis scar maturation scar remodleing ```
112
Wha tis hemostasis?
vasoconstriction | clotting cascade activated
113
What is inflammation?
cytokines come to the injury site
114
What is scar maturation?
6wks after injury colagen syntehsis breaks down avoid UV to reduce scar for 1 yr
115
How to clean wound?
3D debris removed debride wound devitalized tissue removed
116
What is primary intention?
closing wound
117
When NOT to close wound?
open for 8hrs - except face | DIRTY
118
What is secondary intention?
closing wound and letting it heal on it's own
119
What is tertiary intention?
keeping wound open then closing it LATER
120
What is collagen synthesis?
new collagen and cap beds are made
121
What part of face should NEVER be shaved?
eyebrows
122
How to do hemorrhage control?
compression for 10min | avoid tourniquets, blind clamping
123
What are the 2 goals for wound closure?
prevention of infxn | best possible functional and cosmetic result
124
What wounds need initial open management?
``` wound greater than 8 hrs face more than 24hrs contaminated/DIRTY need excessive tension to approximate edges gunshot wounds stabwounds bits: animals and humans puncture wounds ```
125
Which suture is the least scarring?
monofilament
126
What gauge should be used?
4.0
127
When and how to tx paronychia?
fluctuance/purulence | tx: I+D and abx
128
When and how to tx subungual hematoma?
painful subungual hematoma w/ nail edges still intact | tx: needle or electrocautery
129
When and how to tx toenail removal?
ingrown toenail, traumatic partial avulsion, nail bed laceration tx: use scissors if needed to do partial, grasp and pull + abx after
130
When and how to tx epistaxis?
persistent bleeding | Tx: 1) stabilize w/ pressure 2) cautery 3) nasal packing w/ tampon
131
When and how to tx auricular hematoma?
tender auricular swelling that deforms anatomy | tx: small incision to be made, express hematoma, pressure
132
How tx nasal FB?
positive pressure | smooth objects - suction tip
133
How to tx refractory bleeds- nose?
surgicel and gelfoam w/ PT
134
How to tx posterior bleeds - nose?
foley catheter
135
How to tx nasal FB - rough objects?
alligator forceps
136
How to tx nasal FB - smooth objects?
suction tip
137
How to tx nasal FB - refractory?
catheter, glue and swab, right angle hook
138
How to tx ear FB - rough object?
alligator forcep
139
How to tx ear FB - smooth object?
suction tip
140
How to tx ear FB -refractory object?
glue and swab | right angle hook
141
How to tx ear FB - bug?
liquid | lidocaine
142
How to tx eye FB- superficial?
irrigation | moist swab
143
How to tx eye FB - embedded?
bent 20g need to scrap
144
What is imp after txing eye FB?
abx | tetanus
145
What are the techniques for removing fish hooks?
string pull needle cover advance and cut
146
What is string pull?
tie string around bend in hook and depress shaft of the hook and tug
147
What is needle cover technique?
need next to shank of embedded hook and sheath barbe then remove
148
What is advacen and cut technique?
push barb through and clip off then remove
149
How to remove ring?
string technique ring cutter vise grip
150
When to do I+D?
any infxn w/ suspect abscess
151
When to do joint aspiration?
suspicion of infectious arthritis (red, warm swollen) | removal fo large joint effusion
152
What position for shoulder joint aspiration?
soft spot inferior and medial to tip of acromion and go towards coracoid
153
What position for elbow joint aspiration?
flex 90deg, between radial head and lateral epicondyle
154
What position for wrist aspiration?
ulna side of EPL
155
What position for knee aspiration?
slightly flexed; come from lateral side under patella
156
What position for ankle aspiration?
tip of the lateral malleolus
157
When to do LP?
meningitis = HA, fever, nuchal rigidity | subarachnoid hemorrhage = worst HA ever; thunderclap
158
How to do LP?
locate L3-L4 and poke 4-5cm until "pop"
159
When to do central line?
rapid adminstriation of fluid, blood, vasopressor, nutrients
160
How to do central line?
locate internal jugular (between heads of sternocelodomastoid) subclavian (ankle of clavicle to suprasternal notch) femoral (medial to femoral artery pulsing)
161
What is first deg burn?
sunburn | PAIN
162
What is second deg burn?
blistering PAIN blanching
163
What is third deg burn?
NO pain | NO blanching
164
What is fourth deg burn?
ELECTRICLA BURN | interla organ damage b/c of ENTRY and EXIT wound
165
What are the rules of 9 for adult?
9: face, arms 18: front, back, legs 1: neck
166
What are the rules of 9 for baby?
9: arms 14: legs 18: face, front, back
167
What if pt has small burn?
loss fxn deformity infxn risk incr
168
What if pt has large burn? Kids?
pulm damage cardiac contractility damage children can have hormonal changes?
169
BOTH small and large burns?
PTSD
170
What haps in hypermetabolic syndrome?
pt need higher intake of cal b/c of increase in SV
171
What to do in the first 48hrs of burn?
resuscitate w/ IV fluids -normal
172
What is teh parkland/brooke, consensus formula?
204cc/kg/%BSA w/in 24hrs; 1/2/ w/in 8hrs
173
What can be used to gauge fluid resuscitation?
urine output
174
What is normal urine output?
adult: 30-50cc/hr children: 1cc/kg/hr
175
What to keep in mind when resuscitating?
update tetanus | overfluid is bad as underfluid
176
How to monitor resuscitation?
HR 120 | MAP >70
177
What is teh biggest factor in wound management after burn?
sepsis
178
Complication during wound management-burn?
ileus | compartment sx in abdomen d/t increase in fluid
179
How to tx first deg burn?
clean | bactiracin -WET dressing
180
Tx for sec deg burn?
irrigate and clean DRY dressing NO ointment
181
How to tx third and fourth deg burn?
fluid in interstitial decrease sepsis risk excise primary and secondary closure - bleeding = new skin
182
Pt has vaginal bleeding-what to check for?
pregnant?
183
What to check if pt has vaginal bleeding, not pregnant and unstable?
OR
184
What to check if pt has vaginal bleeding, not pregnant and stable?
nothing
185
What to check if pt has vaginal bleeding, pregnant and unstable?
OR
186
What to check if pt has vaginal bleeding, pregnant and stable?
check if ectopic - yes: OR - no: nothing
187
Genital bleeding - neonates?
estrogen withdrawal
188
Genital bleeding - premenarch?
``` FB trauma infxn urethral prolapse ovarian tumor precocious puberty ```
189
Genital bleeding - early postmarche?
``` ovulatory dysfnxn bleeding diathesis stress pregnancy infxn ```
190
Genital bleeding - reproductive age?
``` ovulatory dysfxn pregnancy cancer polyps leiomyomas adenomyosis infxn endocrine dysfxn bleeding diathesis meds ```
191
Genital bleeding - menopausal transition?
``` anovulation polyps fibroids adenomyosis cancer ```
192
Genital bleeding - menopause?
cancer | hormone therapy
193
Labs for vaginal bleeding?
``` prenancy test pelvic US CBC CMP H&H coag panel UA BC ```
194
What are life threatening, do not miss for vaginal bleeding?
early preg: ruptured ecoptic preg | late preg and peripartum: placental abruption, placenta previa, postpartem hemorrhage
195
What are causes of vaginal bleeding?
``` spontaenous abortion rupture ovarian cyst ovarian torsion PID FB drugs coag cancer ```
196
Common cx of vaginal bleeding?
premenopausal: AUB, fibroid, uterine polyps, PID, endorine dysfxn postmenopausal: CANCER
197
What vital signs are dangerous?
HR and BP goes DOWN or UP together
198
How to tx toxin poisoning?
stablizize airway brain perfusion gastric decontamination (gastric lavage, activated charcoal)
199
What labs to order for toxin poisoning?
``` CBC CMP AB urine tox eTOH salicylate acetaminophen hcG ```
200
Pt has pain, tearing, eyelid twitching, decreased visual acuity? What are the 2 etiology? What is worse? What should pt bring in?
chemical ocular injury 1) acid 2) alkalai alkali is worse b/c it penetrates more rapidly unlike acid that denatures proteins --> "protective layer" bring agent
201
How to tx chemical ocular injury?
proparicaine -anesthetic irrigation until pH 7 erythromycin -abx cycloplegic to relax ciliary
202
Pt has curtain/shadow over visual field? Other sx?
retinal detachment | other sx: painless vision loss, loss of red reflex
203
How to tx retinal detachment?
rest head on pillow on the SIDE of detachment
204
Pt has cherry red fovea, pallor of the disc? Hx? What to r/o?
central retinal artery artery occlusion hx: amaurosis fugax r/o: temporal arteritis
205
Retinal vein occlusion vs central retinal artery occlusion?
retinal vein occlusion: flame hemorrhage
206
How to tx central retinal artery occlusion?
ocular massage- pressure for 10-15sec w/ sudden release acetalmide timolog
207
Pt has hazy cornea and fix mid-dilated pupil? Other sx?
acute angle closure glaucoma | other sx: sudden unilateral eye pain, firm globe
208
How to tx acute angle closure glaucoma?
1) timolol 2) acetazolamide +/-mannitol
209
Pt has chemosis and proptosis?
orbital cellulitis chemosis: conjunctival edema proptosis: protrusion/displacement of the eye
210
How to tx orbital cellulitis?
IV abx-ampicillin
211
orbital cellulitis vs periorbital?
periorbital -infxn of the eyelid
212
Erythema multiforme minor vs major?
minor: rash in kids - self limiting major: adults; severe-SJS, TENS
213
Pt has dull red macules, papules?
erythema mutliforme minor
214
Pt has red macules w/ target lesions - what "sign" would you also see?
erythmea mutliforme major | sign: niolsky - pushing on the blister and the skin on the side peels off
215
How to tx erythema multiforme?
burn unit
216
Pt has abnormal bleeding, bruising? Tx?
thrombocytopenia | tx: transfusion - platelets, FFP
217
What are indications to tx thrombocytopenia?
less than 50,00 w/bleeding or less than 10,000 prophatically: transfusion w/platelts, FFP
218
Pt has fatigue, SOB, bleeding? When to tx?
anemia | Hbg
219
Pt has bruising and bleeding w/ abnormal vitals? Tx
DIC | supportive
220
What are the sx for neutropenic fever?
temp >101F | neutrophil ct
221
How to tx neutropenic fever?
empiric abx and STOP CHEMO
222
Sx for rhabdomylosis?
musle pain muslce weakness dark urine
223
What labs to order for rhabdomylosis?
high CKP | high myoglobinuria
224
How to tx rhabdomylosis?
IV | +/- bicarb, kayexalate, diuretics
225
What is status epilepticus?
seziure lasting more than 5min | 2+ seizures without recovery
226
How to tx status epilepticus?
1) benzo -lorazepam/diazepam | 2) antieplipetics
227
When to use long arm posterior splints?
distal and HUMERUS fx | both bone forearm fx
228
When to use double sugar tong?
proximal, mid, distal RAIDUS AND ULNAR fx | better for DISTAL forearm and elbow fx
229
What does double sugar tong prevent arm to do?
flex and extension | pronation and supination
230
When to use shoulder sling and swathe?
dislocation rotater cuff injury shoulder strain humerus fx
231
When to use forearm sugar tong?
distal RADIUS and ULNAR fx
232
What splints can be used for radius and ulnar fx?
double sugar tong and forearm sugar ton
233
Difference between forearm sugar tong and double sugar tong?
forearm only prevents pronation and supination | double sugar tong includes pronation/supination + flex and extension
234
When should forearm volar splint NOT be used?
distal radius or ulnar fx - use sugar tong
235
Pt injured little and ring finger?
ulnar gutter
236
Pt injured index and long fingers?
radial gutter
237
Pt has scahpoid fx?
thumb spica
238
Pt has spring, carpal tunnel night splints, wrist fx?
forearm volar splint
239
When can thumb spica be used?
scaphoid fx | de quervain tenosynovitis
240
Pt injured knee/calf?
jones compression dressing
241
When to use posterior ankle splint?
distal tibia/fibular fx bad sparins tarsal/metatarsal fx
242
When to use stirrup splint?
ankle sprains
ED/Surg
flashcards
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