What does the 12 lead EKG provide?
Information on the HT electrical activity in 3 directions: 1. R-L, 2. Superior/Inferior, 3. Anterior/Posterior
What a re 4 major classifications of HT arrhythmias?
- Sinus, 2. Atrial, 3. Ventricular, 4. Junctional
What are 3 major variances to EKG wave forms ?
- Ischemia (L.O. oxigen), 2. Injury (Prolonged ischemia), 3. Infarction (death of tissue)
What is standard calibration for EKG machine sensitivity?
10 mm/mv ( 10mm height/5 mm width)
12 Lead (Non-Holter Monitor) placement for last 6 leads:
- V-1 4th Intercost. @ R. Sternal border, 2. V-2 4th interc. @ L. sternal border, 3. V-3 1/2 way bet. V2 and V4, 4. V4 5th intercost. @ L. midclav. 5. V5 on horiz. line w/V4. 6. V6 horiz line w/V3.
The amplitude of a wave is determined by using what?
The number of small boxes between the lowest and highest points of a wave.
What are 3 things measured in the HT in an EKG (or ECG).
1.Electrical potential. 2. Electrical Depolarization, 3. Rate, rhythm and size of HT chambers.
What are 4 possible causes of a Wandering baseline?
1.Movement, 2.Muscle tremor, 3. Ambulance start/stop, 4. Cellphones/electrical equipment.
What are 3 things to inspect the waveforms of a cardiac cycle for?
- symmetry (T+P waves), 2. Direction (Pos/neg), 3.Amplitude (low/high)
To determine the direction of a wave form deflection, you look at what 2 things?
- Positive Deflection ( a wave above the isoelectric line), 2. negative Deflection (below)
5 Step Method to Measure a patients HT rhythm from EKG:
- Calculate HT rate, 2.Measure the PR interval, 3. Measure the QRS duration. 4. Determine: Regular, Irregular or Irregularly irregular., 5. Use findings to interpret the underlying rhythm.
What is the 6 Second Method for calculating patient HT rate on an EKG? (3 steps)
- Count the # of R. waves in a 6 second strip. 2. Multiply by 10. 3. Answer is BPM rate.
What is the GOLD STANDARD for calculating irregular HT rhythms ?
The 6 Second Rule (Method).
Holter (Telemetry) Monitor colors are:
RA (White), LA (Black), RL (Red), LL (Green) Center (Brown)
How do you calculate the HT Rate using the 1,500 Method? (3 steps)
- Count sm. boxes between R-R intervals., 2. Divide 1,500 by that #. 3. Answer is the ventricular rate or BPM.
R to R interval reflects the __________ rate
Ventricular
P-P Interval calculates the ________rate
Atrial
What is the exception for using the 300 Method (sequencing) for calculating HT rate?
Irregular Rhythms
The 300 Method (sequencing) for calculating Ht rate is;
- Count 300 (large) boxes per min. of EKG. 2. Use this pattern: 300-150-100-75-60-50 3. Divide 300 by # of boxes bet. QRS. 4. Every box counter to R. apply one of these #’s
What is the pattern of Number to memorize for the 300 Method (sequencing)?
300-150-100-75-60-50
What is the 1,500 method of calculating HT rate best used for?
For fast rhythms
What are the 3 methods of calculating HT rate from the EKG?
- The 1,500 Method, 2. The sequencing Method (300 Method), 3. The 6 Second rule (Method)
