Ortho Exam 2 > Elbow Complex > Flashcards

Elbow Complex Flashcards

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1
Q

elbow complex includes

A

humeroulnar joint

radiohumeral joint

proximal radioulnar joint

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2
Q

humeroulnar joint

A

movement b/w the ulna and humerus occurs

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3
Q

radiohumeral joint

A

movement b/w the radius and humerus occurs

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4
Q

proximal radioulnar joint

A

movement b/w the radius and ulna occurs

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5
Q

what do all 3 joints of the elbow complex have

A

common capsule

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6
Q

common capsule leads to

A

injury to one joint affects other joints

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7
Q

motions of the elbow

A

physiologic motions

component motions

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8
Q

physiologic motions

A

elbow flexion/extension

supination/pronation

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9
Q

component motions

A

ADD and ABD

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10
Q

humeroulnar joint is

A

concave on convex

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11
Q

concave on convex –> humeroulnar joint

A

concave trochlear notch of ulna articulates w/ convex trochlear surface of humerus

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12
Q

what kind of joint is the humeroulnar joint

A

hinge joint

allows movement in 1 plane

flexion/extension

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13
Q

open packed position –>humeroulnar joint

A

70 degrees of flexion

10 degrees supination

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14
Q

closed packed position –> humeroulnar joint

A

extension w/ supination

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15
Q

capsular pattern –> humeroulnar joint

A

flexion > extension

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16
Q

flexion –> humeroulnar joint

A

the coronoid process (ulna) lies in the coronoid fossa (humerus)

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17
Q

extension –> humeroulnar joint

A

the olecranon (ulna) lies in the olecranon fossa (humerus)

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18
Q

trochlea of the humerus is –> humeroulnar joint

A

asymmetric with an axis superolateral to inferomedial

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19
Q

what does the trochlear being asymmetric cause –> humeroulnar joint

A

carrying angle of 10-15 degrees in males

greater than 15 degrees in females

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20
Q

in children and many women –> humeroulnar joint

A

elbow hyperextension of 5-30 is normal

olecranon process is smaller

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21
Q

radiohumeral joint is

A

concave on convex

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22
Q

concave on convex –> radiohumeral joint

A

small concave facet on radial head articulates w/ convex surface of the capitulum

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23
Q

radiohumeral joint has

A

3 degrees of freedom

flex/ext

S/P

ADD/ABD

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24
Q

open packed position –> radiohumeral joint

A

full extension and supination

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25
closed packed position --> radiohumeral joint
90 flexion w/ 5 supination
26
capsular pattern --> radiohumeral joint
flex > ext S > P
27
proximal radioulnar joint is
convex on concave
28
convex on concave -->proximal radioulnar joint
convex radial head articulates w/ the concave radial notch of the ulna
29
what kind of joint -->proximal radioulnar joint
uniaxial pivot joint primary motion = S/P
30
open pack position -->proximal radioulnar joint
elbow flexion 70 and supination 35
31
close pack position -->proximal radioulnar joint
supination 5
32
capsular pattern -->proximal radioulnar joint
S = P
33
middle radioulnar articulation is made up of
radius, ulna and interosseous membrane b/w them
34
middle radioulnar articulation
not a true joint
35
when is middle radioulnar articulation at maximum stretch
in forearm neutral
36
fxn of middle radioulnar articulation
prevents proximal displacement of radius on ulnar occurs w/ pushing movements
37
ligaments of the elbow
radial collateral ligament ulnar collateral ligament annular ligament of radius oblique cord
38
radial collateral lig is also called
lateral lig
39
RCL extends from
lateral epicondyle to the humerus of the radius
40
what does RCL restrict
varus forces
41
RCL blends
distally w/ annular ligament of the radius encircles and holds the head of the radius in the radial notch of the ulna
42
RCL assists in
prevention of posterior dislocation of ulna from trochlea
43
ulnar collateral lig is also called
medial collateral lig
44
UCL is a
triangular shaped lig
45
UCL extends from
medial epicondyle of the humerus to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna
46
UCL consists of
3 bands
47
3 bands of UCL
anterior cordlike band posterior fan like band slender oblique band
48
UCL restricts
valgus forces b/w 20-130 degrees
49
UCL assists in
prevention of posterior dislocation of ulna from trochlea
50
UCL and FCU muscle together
form cubital tunnel passage of ulnar nerve
51
annular ligament of radius attached
only to the ulna forms the proximal radioulnar joint
52
what does annular ligament allow
movement to the radial head
53
fxn of annular lig
keep the radius securely against the ulna
54
what does the annular lig provide
stability for the proximal radioulnar joint
55
oblique cord
connects radius to ulna
56
oblique cord extends from
the ulnar tuberosity just distal to the radial tuberosity
57
oblique cord limits
supination
58
oblique cord prevents
displacement of radius on ulna w/ pulling movements
59
primary muscles of the elbow and forearm
elbow flexors elbow extensors forearm supinators forearm pronators wrist flexors and extensors
60
elbow flexors
brachialis biceps brachii brachioradialis
61
elbow extensors
triceps brachii anconeus
62
forearm supinators
supinator biceps brachii brachioradialis
63
forearm pronation
pronator teres pronator quadratus
64
many muscles that act on the wrist and hand
are attached on the distal humerus crosses the elbow joint
65
what do the wrist and hand muscles provide
stability to the elbow but contribute little motion at elbow
66
what do the wrist and hand muscles allow
effective movements of the wrist and fingers regardless of forearm position
67
how does the position of the elbow affect the muscles of the wrist and hand
length tension relationship of the muscles during their actions on the wrist and hand
68
wrist flexors
flexor carpi radialis flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus
69
wrist extensors
extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis extensor carpi ulnaris extensor digitorum
70
what dislocates easily up to age 8
H/R and superior R/U esp proximal R/U joint
71
panner's dz
up to age 10 most common boys ages 5-10
72
osteochondritis dessicans
b/w 15-20
73
epicondylitis/osis
35 to 50
Ortho Exam 2
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