Electricity

Question 1

What is a renewable resource

Answer 1

Resource that replenishes itself at the rate it’s being used

Question 2

What are some renewable energy sources

Answer 2

Solar, wind, wave, tidal, hydroelectric, biomass, geothermal

Question 3

What are some non-renewable energy sources

Answer 3

Coal, oil, nuclear, natural gas

Question 4

What is a circuit

Answer 4

A never-ending looped pathway for charged carriers

Question 5

What is a series circuit

Answer 5

• single loop
• different devices have different voltages across them
• Same current flows through each device
• If one device is broken, the whole circuit fails

Question 6

What is a parallel circuit

Answer 6

• single source supplies voltage to separate loops of wire
• Voltage in every device is the same
• different devices, different currents
• each device will work if one fails

Question 7

Describe resistance of the flow of electrons in a circuit

(hint: what happens when electrons in a wire collide)

Answer 7

Electrons collide with other electrons that make up the wire, and convert some of their energy to heat

Question 8

What does Ohm’s Law state

Answer 8

The voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided all physical conditions and temperature remain consistent

Question 9

Compare renewable energy with fossil feuls

Answer 9

• renewable will never run out, fossil fuels will
• fossil fuels and easy to store, renewables are not

Question 10

What is energy efficiency

Answer 10

Using less energy to perform the same task - eliminating energy waste

Question 11

What are the benefits of energy efficiency

Answer 11

• reducing greenhouse gas emissions
• reducing demand for energy imports
• lowering our costs on a household and economy- wide level
• cheapest + most immediate way of reducing fossil fuels

Question 12

define voltage

Answer 12

measure of the electrical energy carried by the charges in a circuit. Voltmeter is connected in parallel

Question 13

what happens to voltage in series circuit

Answer 13

voltages across components add up to the total voltage supplied by the battery

Question 14

what happens to voltage in parallel circuit

Answer 14

the voltage across each component is the same

Question 15

what happens to resistance in a series circuit

Answer 15

• the resistance of components add up to the total resistance of the circuit
• total resistance in the circuit is more than the resistance of each component

Question 16

what happens to resistance in a parallel circuit

Answer 16

• The reciprocal of the total resistance is found by adding the reciprocal of the resistance of each component
• total resistance is less than the resistance of each component

Question 17

define current

Answer 17

the flow of charges (electrons). ammeter is connected in series

Question 18

what happens to current in series circuits

Answer 18

the current is the same evrywhere

Question 19

what happens to current in parallel circuits

Answer 19

the current in each component adds up to the total current in the main branch containing the battery

Question 20

define resistance

Answer 20

a measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow through part of a circuit. Conductors have little resistance, insulators have great resistance

Question 21

What is the formula for resistance

Answer 21

R = V/I

Question 22

What are the two types of transformers

Answer 22

step up, step down

Question 23

what is a step up transformer

Answer 23

increases voltage in an AC supply

Question 24

what is a step-down transformer

Answer 24

decreases voltage in an AC supply

Question 25

What are the 2 main types of current

Answer 25

AC, DC

Question 26

What is AC

Answer 26

- alternating current - produces a fluctuating voltage - current changes direction - supplied by power stations

Question 27

What is AC used for

Answer 27

More efficient to distribute over large distances

Question 28

What is DC

Answer 28

- Direct current - produces a constant voltage - current travels in one direction - electrons carry electrical charge from negative to positive terminal of power source

Question 29

What is work

Answer 29

forces applied on an object

Question 30

what is the equation for power

Answer 30

work/time

Question 31

what is the law of conservation of energy

Answer 31

energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred from one object to another/ converted from one form to another

Question 32

What is energy transfer

Answer 32

energy passed from one object t another

Question 33

What is energy transformation/ conversion

Answer 33

energy being transformed from one type of energy into another type of energy

Question 34

what are the pros of solar energy

Answer 34

renewable, no carbon emissions

Question 35

what are the cons of solar energy

Answer 35

unreliable, high upfront costs, takes up surface, kills birds and bats

Question 36

what are the pros of wind energy

Answer 36

no carbon emissions, renewable

Question 37

what are the cons of wind energy

Answer 37

kills birds and bats, unreliable, many required to power large cities, ugly and noisy

Question 38

what are the pros of hydroelectricity

Answer 38

no carbon emissions, renewable, reliable

Question 39

what are the cons of hydroelectricity

Answer 39

expensive, hard to find suitable waterways, disrupts use of waterways

Question 40

what are the pros of geothermal power

Answer 40

renewable, reliable, small land footprint

Question 41

what are the cons of geothermal power

Answer 41

only available at certain locations, expensive set up of costs

Question 42

what are the pros of tidal power

Answer 42

renewable, no carbon emissions, reliable

Question 43

what are cons of tidal power

Answer 43

electricity not produced all the time

Question 44

what are the pros of biomass

Answer 44

renewable, less carbon emissions

Question 45

what are the cons of biomass

Answer 45

high cost of production, habitat destruction, crops take up a lot of space, high water use