Charging by friction
When 2 triboelectric materials are rubbed together, heat energy gets created and this energy gets absorbed by electrons.
This gives electrons the ability to jump from one material to another.
In what materials does induction happen in?
Metals
Why does induction happen in metals
there r free electrons that move around
How does induction work?
When you bring a positively-charged object close to a neutral metallic object, the electrons in the metal get attracted towards the + charge.
One side of the metallic object becomes positively charged, one negative.
This is the separation of charges
What do good conductors of electricity hv?
Delocalised free electrons that can move and carry electricity
Electricity is
electrons moving in one direction
Symbol used for current
I
What is current
The amount of charge passing thru a cross section of a conductor per second.
Charge Symbol
q
Si unit of current
Amperes
Si unit of charge
Couloumbs
Current equ
I=Q/T
Voltage?
The amount of energy given to one Coulomb of charge.
Voltage equ
Energy/Charge
What is resistance
The hindrance to the movement of electrons in a circuit
Resistance Equ
V = I * R
Active elements vs passive elements
Active => give energy to a circuit (cell)
Passive=> use energy provided by a circuit (bulb)
Serie
Series: elements connected 1 after another;
1 path for current to flow thru
Same amount of current flows thru all components
Voltage gets divided
Junction
point where several paths called branches get connected
Parallel
same current flows thru all the components in 1 branch
Same voltage given to 1 branch
What does electrical resistance depend on?
Materials of the conductor;
Length of conductor (shorter, lower resistance);
Cross section of conductor (higher cross section, more electrons can move thru, less resistance)
