Alessandro Volta invented ________ in 1880
battery
_______ _______ invented battery in 1880
Alessandro Volta
The study of the relationship between
electricity and chemical reactions is
called ______________
electrochemistry
oxidation-reduction reactions,
or simply ____________
redox reactions
The process of losing/giving electrons
is called ____________
oxidation
________ refers to the process of
gaining/receiving electrons
reduction
it releases electron
oxidized
it receives electron
reduction
A _____________ or ____________, is a
substance that gives up electrons,
thereby causing another substance to be
reduced.
reducing agent or reductant
The substance that makes it possible for another
substance to be oxidized is called the ________ or _________
oxidizing agent or oxidant
Whenever we balance a chemical equation, we must obey the ________________________________-
law of conservation of mass.
There are two main methods for balancing redox equations
oxidation number method
half-reaction method
It works by tracking the changes in oxidation numbers of
the elements involved in the reaction.
Oxidation Number method
chemical reactions involving the transfer of electrons.
Oxidation Number method
Although oxidation and reduction must take place simultaneously, it is often convenient to consider them as separate processes.
Half-reaction method
_________ conditions usually imply a solution with an excess of H+ concentration, hence making the solution _______.
acidic
balancing redox reactions in basic conditions requires OH-
Basic Solutions
A process that is spontaneous in one direction under a particular set
of conditions is ___________ in the reverse direction.
nonspontaneous
process is one that occurs naturally under certain
conditions.
spontaneous process
will not take place unless it is “driven” by the continual input of energy from an external source.
nonspontaneous process
A process that is ____________ in one direction under a particular set
of conditions is nonspontaneous in the reverse direction.
spontaneous
During spontaneous redox reaction, energy is _________
released
During _____________ redox reaction, energy is released
spontaneous
