Electrolytes

Question 1

S&S of Kalemias (hyper and hypo)
- with 2 exceptions

Answer 1

-hyperkalemia: systems go up (HR and Urine output go down)
- hypokalemia: systems go down (HR and urine output go up)

Question 2

S&S of calcemia (hyper and hypo)

Answer 2

-hypercalcemia: systems go down
-hypocalcemia: systems go up (chvostel and trousseau signs)

Question 3

S&S of magnesemias

Answer 3

• hypermagnesemia: systems go down
• hypomagnesemia: systems go up

Question 4

Sign and response to hypernatremia

Answer 4

• dehydration
• give fluids

Question 5

Sign and response to hyponatremia

Answer 5

• Overload
• fluid restriction (Lasix)

Question 6

S&S of potassium imbalances

Answer 6

• Heart and BP symptoms

Question 7

S&S of calcium imbalances

Answer 7

• skeletal and nerve symptoms

Question 8

What is the EARLIEST sign of electrolyte imbalances

Answer 8

Parenthesia (pins and needles)

Question 9

What is the UNIVERSAL sign of electrolyte imbalances

Answer 9

Pareses (muscle weakness)

Question 10

S&S formula for dumping syndrome (gastric emptying issue)

Answer 10

• drunk + shock + acute and distress
• low HOB, decrease everything in treatments

Question 11

S&S of hiatal hernia (gastric emptying issue)

Answer 11

• everything in treatments is increase (high treatments, like HIGH- in hiatal)