1
Q
What is the definition of an employer?
A
A person or organisation that employ people.
2
Q
Who does an employer owe a duty to (6)?
A
- Employees
- Contractors
- Agency workers
- Sub contractors
- Visitors
- Public
3
Q
Who are Managers and Supervisors operationally responsible for (3)?
A
- Direct Reports - Staff who work directly under them.
- Lower level staff
- Areas and activities under their control.
4
Q
How can Directors and Management show their commitment to Health and Safefy (7)?
A
- Using the correct health and safety policy.
- Ensuring availablility of resources.
- Defining roles and responsibilities.
- Appointing a Health and Safety Champion.
- Appointing a competant person.
- Engagement of contractors.
- Review health and safety performance.
5
Q
Outline the Four key action areas in HSE publication INDG417.
A
- Plan - establish a Health and Safety Policy and promote a positive culture.
- Do - deliver the policy through effective management.
- Check - monitor and report of performance.
- Act - Review performance and chance if ineffective.
6
Q
Define Safety Culture?
A
The shared attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviours relating to Health and Safety.
7
Q
What are the indicators used to assess culture (6)?
A
- Accidents.
- Sickness Rates.
- Absenteeism.
- Staff Turnover.
- Compliance with Safety Rules.
- Complaints about working conditions.
8
Q
Define ‘Health and Safety culture’.
A
The shared attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviours towards health and safety.
9
Q
What is the purpose of looking at human factors (2)?
A
- To correct bad behavior and remove the cause.
- Anticipate poor behaviour and effect changes to reduce the likelihood.
10
Q
What three issues influence a persons health and safety behaviour?
A
- Organisational Factors - characteristics of the organisation.
- Job Factors - characteristics of the job they are performing.
- Individual factors. - characteristics of the individual.
Collectively know as ‘human factors’.
11
Q
Outline 8 Organisational Factors.
A
- Safety Culture.
- Commitment and leadership.
- Resources.
- Work Patterns.
- Communications.
- Levels of Supervision
- Consultation.
- Training
12
Q
What are Job Factors (5)?
A
- Task - the characteristics of the work itself.
- Workload - the amount and rate of work.
- Environment - workplace conditions.
- Displays & Controls - poor design.
- Procedures - the existance of, and quality of, working conditions.
13
Q
Define Ergonomics (2)
A
- The design of the workplace, equipment and work environment to suit the needs of the individual.
- Concern with worker comfort, reducing stress and strain to prevent injury.
14
Q
Why are individual factors?
A
A persons mix of attitude, skills, experience, knowledge and therefore behaviour towards health and safety.
15
Q
What is makes a persons competence?
A
- A combination of SKATE.
- Must have the right experience and qualifications.
16
Q
How is it possible to change a persons Attitude to Health and Safety (4)?
A
- Education and Training.
- High-Impact intrventions.
- Enforcement.
- Consultation and Involvement.
17
Q
What is the definition of Motivation?
A
A persons drive towards a goal, the thing that makes them tick.
18
Q
What factors can distort a persons perception of hazard and risk (8)?
A
- Illness.
- Stress.
- Fatigue.
- Drugs and Alcohol.
- Previous experiences.
- Training and education.
- Use of PPE.
- Workplace conditions.
19
Q
What are they ways of improving worker perception of hazards (5)?
A
- Safety awareness campaigns.
- Developing training programmes
- Highlighting hazards - such as signs.
- Ensuring adequate lighting.
- Removing distractions - such as noise.
20
Q
Identify three factors that impact a persons health and safety behaviour (3)?
A
- Organisational Factors.
- Individual Factors.
- Job Factors.
21
Q
Outline the Key job factors that can impact on safety-related behaviours (5).
A
- Task - the characteristics of the work itself.
- Workload - the amount and rate of work.
- Environment - workplace conditions.
- Displays & Controls - poor design.
- Procedures - the existance of, and quality of, working conditions.
22
Q
What is perceptual distortion (2)?
A
- When a persons senses work but they cant compute the information safely.
- Can be affected through drugs, alcohol, stress, heat, tiredness.
23
Q
How can Management demonstrate commmitment to Health and Safety (6)?
A
- Behaving Safely (leading by example).
- Involvement in day to day management of Health and safety.
- Taking part in safety tours or audits.
- Promoting changes to improve health and safety.
- Enforcing the company safety rules.
- Complying with legislation.
24
Q
What makes a person competent?
A
SKATE
25
What way can an employer keep up to date with Legal requirements (5)?
1. HSE Website and newsletters.
2. Professional organisations - IOSH.
3. Trade magazines.
4. Subscription services.
5. Seminars.
26
What are the **three** principle methods for communicating information?
1. Verbal
2. Written
3. Graphic
27
In what ways can information be **Broadcast** to employees/ non-employee's (8)?
1. Notice Boards
2. Posters
3. Leaflets
4. Films or Videos
5. Intranet
6. TBT
7. Emails
8. Handbooks
28
Define **consulting**?
The two way excahnge of information and opinion.
29
Define **Informing (2)**?
1. Provide information to workers in a way that it can be understood.
2. The information flow is one way.
30
What does the Safety Committee and Safety Committees Regulations 1977 cover (4)?
1. Covers Trade Unionised workplaces.
2. Employer must form safety committee if requested to do so by two representatives.
3. Request must be in writing.
4. Employer has to comply within 3 months.
31
What 9 rights and entitlements do S**afety Representatives** have (9)?
1. Carry out inspection of the workplace.
2. Examine the causes of accidents.
3. Examine and copy records and documents relating to Health and safety.
4. Recieve information from HSE inspectors.
5. Make representations to the employer.
6. Bed consulted on H & S matters.
7. Time off wih pay to perform functions.
8. Time off with pay for appropriate training.
9. Reasonable facilities to perform their functions.
32
What different employee's generally make up a Safety Committee (7)?
1. Worker safety representatives.
2. One or more operational managers with authority.
3. A safety adviser.
4. An occupational health nurse or doctor.
5. Facilities Manager.
6. HR Manager.
7. Training Manager.
33
To work effectively, what does the committee need to do (7)?
1. Have a balance between managers and workers.
2. Meet regularly.
3. Appoint a chairperson.
4. Have authority.
5. Provide agenda.
6. Minutes need to be taken.
7. Action the plan.
34
What functions should a **safety committee** carry out (8)?
1. Studying accident and disease statistics.
2. Reviewing the reports of active monitoring.
3. Examining safety audit reports.
4. Considering reports from HSE.
5. Considering reports from safety reps.
6. Assisting in developing policies.
7. Monitoring the effectiveness of training.
8. Monitoring safety communications.
35
What is the definition of training?
The planned, formal process of gaining and practising knowledge and skills in an safe environment.
36
What effect does training have on workers understanding (7)?
1. Hazards and risks
2. Correct rules and precautions
3. Foresee emergencies and what actions to take.
4. Identify who to contact in an emergency
5. Restrictions on work
6. Their personal H & S responsibilities.
7. Consequences of braking the rules.
37
What **circumstances** require the provision of **training (5)**?
1. New Employees - induction training.
2. Job change - exposed to new hazards.
3. Process change - new methods
4. New Technology - unfamililar equipment.
5. New Legislation - changes in law, ACoP, Orders.
38
What are the typical contents of General Induction Course (14)?
1. The organisations Health and Safety Policy
2. Fire and other emergency procedures.
3. Details of workplace hazards.
4. First Aid provision
5. Location of welfare facilities.
6. Safe movement around the workplace.
7. Accident and reporting precedures.
8. Worker consulation procedures.
9. PPE requirements.
10. General safety rules.
11. Introduction to SSW and permit to work systems.
12. Intro to risk assessments.
13. Employees responsibilities.
14. Disciplinary procedures.
39
How are **graphic symbols** (Pictograms) used in safety communications (5)?
Indicate:
1. Warnings
2. Mandatory PPE and behaviour
3. Fire warnings
4. Prohibitions
5. Safe condition
40
How can **employees** be involved in improving workplace Health and Safety (7)?
1. Encouraging their partisipation in Health and safety committees.
2. Asking for suggestions.
3. Involving them in PPE selection.
4. Provide them with hazard and defect reporting.
5. Participate in Health and Safety investigations, audits, assessments.
6. Assisting in Health and safety Presentations.
7. Designing safety posters.
41
How must employers **consult** with employees?
1. Directly with employee's.
2. Through RoES.
3. Through TU in unionised workplaces.
42
Under the MHSWR when must an **employer** have a **Risk Assesment** and what are the key points (3)?
1. Must be **suitable and sufficient**
2. Must be **reviewed.**
3. Legal requirement when there are **5 or more employee's.**
43
What is a **Hazard and give examples (5)**?
1. Something that has the potential to cause harm.
2. Substances.
3. Plant or machines.
4. Methods of work.
5. The working Environment.
44
What catagories can hazards be broadly classified into (5)?
1. Physical - Electricity
2. Chemical - Silica
3. Biological - Legionnaires
4. Ergonomics - stress on the body, weight of boxes.
5. Psyhological - PTSD
45
What is a **Risk** defined as (2)?
1. The likelihood of a potential harm being realised.
2. Combined with the severity and loss that might foreseeably occur.
46
What are the **two types** of **Risk (2)**?
1. Qualitative - mostly based on opinion.
2. Quantitative - based on hard data and research.
47
Define what a **Risk Assessment** is?
Risk assesment is the formal process of identifing preventative and protective measures by evaluating the risks arising from a hazard, taking into account the adequacy of any exiting controls, and deciding whether or not the risk is acceptable.
48
What are the **Objectives** of **Risk Assessment (5)**?
1. Death and personal injury.
2. Prevent ill Health.
3. Other types of loss incident.
4. Breaches statues law which might lead to enforcement actions and/ or prosecution.
5. The direct and indirect costs that follow on from accidents.
49
Who should be on a **Risk Assessment Team** (6)?
1. Famililar workers
2. Health and safety Specialists
3. Technical specialists
4. Line Managers
5. Worker Representatives
50
What are the main points of a **Suitable and Sufficient** Risk Assesment?
1. Identify the Significant risks arising out of the works.
2. Identify the people at risk
3. Evaluate the effectiveness
4. Enable the employer to identify and prioritise the measures.
5. Be appropriate to the nature of the work and remain valid for a reasonable period of time.
51
What at the **Five** steps of a **Risk Assessment**.
1. Identify the hazards.
2. Identify the people who might be harmed and how.
3. Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions.
4. Record any significant finding and implement them.
5. Review and update as necessary.
52
What are the two types of **Safety Hazard (2)**?
1. Immediate - injury is straight away such as a fall from height.
2. Occupational hazards - long term such as silica dust, legionnella.
53
What is the useful acronym for **Task Analysis (6)**?
SREDIM
1. Select the task
2. Record the steps of stages
3. Evaluate the risks associated
4. Develop the safe working method
5. Impliment the safe working method
6. Monitor to ensure its effective.
54
Step 1: What are the methods of **Identifing Hazards**?
1. Task Analysis.
2. Legislation.
3. Manufacturers Information.
4. Incident Data.
55
Step 2: Identifing the People at Risk - List the people at risk of injury.
1. Employee's
2. Maintenance Staff
3. Cleaners
4. Contractors
5. Visitors
6. Members of the public.
56
Step 3: Evaluating the risk and deciding on precautions. What are the factors?
1. Is the risk acceptable or does it need to be reduced.
2. **Risk = Likeihood x Severity.**
57
Step 4: Recording Significant Findings and Implimenting. What would a typical Risk assessment include (6)?
1. Identification of the area, activity nd significant hazards.
2. Identification of the groups at risk.
3. Evaluation of the risks and the adaquacy of existing control measures.
4. Action plans for implimenting further precautions needed.
5. Date of assessment and name of the competent person carrying out the assessment.
6. Review date.
58
Step 5: Reviewing and Updating.
What are the triggers for a risk assessment review?
1. Significant Change
1. Process.
2. Substances.
3. Equipment.
4. Workplace environment.
5. Personnal.
2. There is reason to suspect the risk assessment is ineffective.
1. Accident.
2. Near miss.
3. Ill health.
4. Change of legal standards.
59
What at the points of the **General Heirarchy of Control (5)**?
1. Elimination - can the hazard be eliminated.
2. Substitution - can the hazard be exchanged for one that creates less risk.
3. Engineering Controls - achieved through isolation, seperation/ segregation, partial enclosure and Safety devices.
4. Administrative Controls - SSW, reduced exposure, Reduce time of exposure, info, training, supervision.
5. PPE - gloves, hard hat.
60
What is the definition of PPE?
Equipment that is worn by the individual to protect them from one of more risks to safety and health.
61
Under the Personal Protective Equipment at work Regulations 1992, what must the employer ensure with regards to PPE (6)?
1. Supply suitable PPE where risks cannot be controlled by any other method.
2. Whenwearing two or more pieces, they are compatible.
3. Provide suitable storage for PPE.
4. Provide information, instruction and trainingto workers on their PPE.
5. Enforce the use of PPE.
6. Replace or repair damaged/ lost items.
62
What groups are defined as vunerable/ special case workers?
1. Young persons
2. Lone workers
3. New and expectant mothers
4. Disabled Workers.
63
Why are young persons classed as **vunerable (5)**?
1. Lack of experience
2. Physical and mental immaturity
3. Poor perception of risk
4. Heavily influenced by peer group.
5. Eager to show willingness to work.
64
What are the **General Principles of Prevention (9)**?
1. Avoid risks.
2. Eveluate risks whih cannot be prevented.
3. Combat risks.
4. Adapt work to suit the individual.
5. Adapt to techincal progress.
6. Replace the dangerous with the non-dangerous.
7. Develop a coherent overall prevention policy.
8. Give priority to collective measures over individual protective measures.
9. Give appropriate instructions to emloyees.
65
Give examples of **internal** information sources for Health and safety (8)?
1. Accident records
2. Near-miss records.
3. Medical records.
4. Risk assessments.
5. Maintenance records.
6. Safety rep inspections.
7. Audit and investigtion reports.
8. Safety committeemetting minutes.
66
Give examples of **external** information sources for Health and safety (9)?
1. Regulations.
2. Laws.
3. Orders.
4. ACoP.
5. Published British standards.
6. Manufacturers information MSDS.
7. Trade associations.
8. Safety journals.
9. International bodies.
67
What are the **Three key elements of a Safe System of Work** (SSW) (3)?
1. Formal - documented or recorded.
2. A systematic examination of work in order to identify the hazards - it is the result of a risk assessment.
3. Defines safe methods - it is the safe procedure or work instruction.
68
In order to be effective the **SSW** must bring togther what **FOUR** factors?
1. People - Who is the SSW for?
2. Equipment - What plant or equipment will be worked on?
3. Materials - what materials will be used?
4. Environment - in what type of environment will the work take place.
69
What are the factors to consider when developing a **Safe System of Work**?
1. Details of the task to be performed.
2. Details of the equipment and materials to be used.
3. Any information or guidelines provided by manufacturers.
4. Number of employees who will carry out the activity and their level of competence and training.
5. The history of any accidents related to the activity.
6. The adaquacy of the control measures in place.
7. Any relevant legal requirements.
8. The need for consultation with employee's.
9. Any emergency procedures that may be required.
10. System for, and level of, monitoring and supervision.
70
What is the definition of a **Confined Space?**
"any place, including any chamber, tank, vat, silo, pit, trench, pipe, sewer, flue, well or other similar space in which, by virtue of its enclosed nature, there arises a reasonable foreseeable specified risk"
71
What are the **'specified risks'** under the Confined Spaces Regulations 1997 (5)?
1. Fire or Explosion
2. Loss of consciousness or asphyxiation arising from gas, fumes, vapour or lack of oxygen.
3. Drowning.
4. Asphyxiation as a result of entrapement in free flowing solid.
5. Loss of consciousness as a result of increased body temperature.
72
A confined space has two characteristics. What are they?
1. **An enclosed nature** (ventilation will be restricted access/ egress may be difficult).
2. One or more of the **foreseeable specified risks.**
73
What are the principles of working in confined spaces (6)?
1. Do not work in a confined space if it can be avoided.
2. If unavoidable, ensure the Risk Assessment is carried out by a competent person.
3. A safe system of work must be developed for the confied space of entry.
4. Emergency arrangements must be put in place as part of that SSW.
5. Confined space entry must be under permit to work control only.
6. All personnel must be trained.
74
When developing a SSW for **confined space entry**, the competent person must decide on what factors (14)?
1. Level of supervision.
2. Competency requirements of the people doing the work.
3. Communication mthids to be used inide the confined space.
4. Atomspheric conditions.
5. Ventilation.
6. Purging.
7. Removal of residue.
8. Isolation of lock off's
9. Isolation of M&E.
10. Safe and quick access and egress.
11. Fire prevention methods.
12. Lighting.
13. Physical suitability of individuals.
14. Emergency rescur arrangements. to cope with the foresseable emergencies.
75
Define **Lone** workers
'workers who are separated from their work colleagues'.
76
What control measures are there for **Lone Workers (8)**?
1. No lone working for high risk activities - working in confined spaces.
2. Arrangements for remote supervision.
3. Procedures for logging lone workers locations.
4. The use of mobile phones or radios.
5. Lone worker alarms and GPS.
6. Procedures to be adopted by workers when they are lone working.
7. Emergency procedures.
8. Training for workers in those precedures.
77
What are the usual **four** sections of permit to work?
1. Issue.
2. Receipt.
3. Clearance.
4. Cancellation.
78
What is the **definition** of a Permit to Work?
A permit to work is a formal, documented safety procedure, forming part of the safe system of work, which ensures all necessary actions are taken before, during and particularly high-risk work.
79
What sort of **high risk works** would normally be controlled by a **permit to work system (6)**?
1. Hot works.
2. Work on high voltage electrical systems.
3. Confined space entry.
4. Work on operational pipe lines
5. Excavating near buried services.
6. Maintenance on large complex machinery.
80
Due t the high risk nature of the work, what does the permit to work ensure (2)?
1. the coreect safe precautions are in place, before, during and after the work.
2. All the people who need to know about the work do actually know about it.
81
What the the **four** sections on a permit to work and what **details** should they include?
1. Issue. - Decription, date, time, hazards, controls and PPE, Signiture of the person authorising the works.
2. Receipt - Signature of the competent persont completing the works.
3. Clearance - Signature of the person making sure the areas has been made safe.
4. Cancellation - signiture of the authorised person stating that the area has been accepted back and the equipment can be restarted.
82
An organisation should **develop emergency procedures** to deal with f**orseeable incidents** such as fire and bomb threats. What internal procedures should be made (6)?
1. Procedures to follow.
2. Provision of suitable equipment.
3. Nomination of staff.
4. Provision of training and information.
5. Drills and exercises.
6. Contacting emergency services.
83
What **procedures** should an organisation in the case of a **foreseeable incident (8)**?
1. Fire
2. Bomb threat
3. Spillage of a hazardous material
4. Release of toxic gas.
5. Outbreak of disease.
6. Severe weather or flooding.
7. Multiple casualty accident.
8. Terrorist/ security incident.
84
What are the **emergency procedure arrangements (7)**?
1. Foreseeable emergencies.
2. Provision for raising the alarm.
3. Procedures to be followed.
4. Provision of suitable equipment.
5. Nomination of responsible staff.
6. Dealing wth the media.
7. Arrangements for contacting emergncy services.
85
What is the main objective of an emergency procedure?
The deal with the a foreseeable incident such as bomb threat or chemical spill.
86
Under the Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 state that an employer has a duty to make first aid provisions for employee's. What are the **three** elements that make up this provision.
1. Facilities - an appropriate location where first aid treatment can be given.
2. Equipment - Suitably stocked first aid kits and other equipmentas necessary.
3. Personnel - Staff with appropriatetring to deliver first aid treatment.
87
What are the roles of first aiders (3)?
1. Preserve Life.
2. Prevent deterioration.
3. Promote recovery.
88
What factors should be taken into consideration when selecting a first aider (7)?
1. Good demeaner, reliable, good communiaction skills.
2. Have appitude to learn new skills.
3. Having the ability to cope with stressful situations.
4. Physically fit enough to deal with the demandning nature of first aid.
5. Consideration of religion, gender etc.
6. Must be available in an emergency.
7. Correct training.
89
What are the factors to **consider** when deciding on the f**irst aid provision** and **number of first aiders (10)**?
1. General risk level of the workplace.
2. The hazard present in the workplace.
3. Accident history.
4. The presence of vunerable persons.
5. Number of workers.
6. Work patterns and shifts.
7. Provisions for the number of worker, visitors.
8. The geographical location of the workplace.
9. Distribution of the workforce.
10. The need to cover holidays.
NEBOSH NGC1
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