EMBRYOGENESIS

Question 1

it is the formation of body structure and organs

Answer 1

embryogenesis

Question 2

production of great variety of cell type and extracellular product is through?

Answer 2

• cell division
• cell differentiation

Question 3

this results from cells expressing some genes and suppressing others within a common genome

Answer 3

cell differentiatiom

Question 4

Time frame of the embryonic period

Answer 4

fertilization to earliest stage of organ devt.

Question 5

time frame of fetal period

Answer 5

embryonic period to parturition

Question 6

a series of mitotic division where large zygote id fractionated to many normal sized cells

Answer 6

cleavage

Question 7

where does the cleavage begins?

Answer 7

zygote

Question 8

term for the daughter cell resulting from cleavage

Answer 8

blastomere

Question 9

T/F

blastomere are equal in size

Answer 9

False

unequal

Question 10

A solid ball pf blastomeres within the ZP

Answer 10

Morula

Question 11

how many blastomere does the morula have?

Answer 11

16-64

Question 12

time of the 1st cleavage division (days)

Answer 12

1-5 days post ovulation

Question 13

time frame of subsequent division of the 1st cleavage division

Answer 13

once every 12 hours

Question 14

how many blastomeres are needed for embryo production?

Answer 14

approx 3 inner blastomere

Question 15

they have identical potential in dom. mammals

Answer 15

First 8 blastomere

Question 16

what stage of blastomere is differentiated into inner and outer cells?

Answer 16

more than 8 blastomere stage

Question 17

what are the three types of twinning?

Answer 17

• monozygotic
• dizygotic
• polar body twins

Question 18

they have the same chromosome or genetic composition

Answer 18

monozygotic t

Question 19

What are the mechanism of monozygotic twins

Answer 19

1. separation of early blastomere (8 cell)
2. separation of inner blastomere in a single morula

Question 20

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

separate placenta

Answer 20

Dichorionic twins

Question 21

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

share placenta

Answer 21

monochorionic

Question 22

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

twin to twin tranfusion

Answer 22

complication twins

Question 23

type of monozygotic twin according to sharing of placenta:

anomalies due to the separation in embryo

Answer 23

diplopagus/ conjoined/ siamese

Question 24

this twinning is composed of 2 genetically diff ova that is fertilized by 2 genetically different sperm

Answer 24

Dizygotic

Question 25

twinning where ovum and 2nd polar body are fertilized

Answer 25

polar body twins

Question 26

they have same gene from mother but different genes from father

Answer 26

polar body twins

Question 27

morula stage that forms gap junction

Answer 27

inner blastomere

Question 28

morula stage that forms tight junction

Answer 28

outer blastomere

Question 29

outer blastomere becomes?

Answer 29

trophoblast - chorion & amnion

Question 30

outer blastomere leave the uterine tube at 16 cell stage during what days?

Answer 30

4-7 days post fertilization

Question 31

how many cell stage during the 5-7 days post fertilization?

Answer 31

32 cell stage

Question 32

when does the blastocyst start?

Answer 32

2nd week, when ZP ruptures

Question 33

during this, embryo is suitable for implantation

Answer 33

blastulation or blastocyst

Question 34

the term referred to the fluid filled cavity during blastocyst

Answer 34

blastocoele

Question 35

this prevents free exchange of fluid between inside and outside of embryo

Answer 35

tight junction

Question 36

this permit exchange of ion and small molecules between cells

Answer 36

gap junction

Question 37

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk: very small amount

Answer 37

microlecithal

Question 38

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk: moderate amount

Answer 38

mesolecithal

Question 39

Classification of egg cells according to amount of yolk: large amount

Answer 39

macrolecithal

Question 40

Classification of egg cells according to distribution of yolk: even and is holoblastic

Answer 40

isolecithal

Question 41

Classification of egg cells according to distribution of yolk: concentrated in one side and is meroblastic

Answer 41

telolecithal

Question 42

pole with more yolk

Answer 42

vegetal pole

Question 43

pole with less yolk

Answer 43

animal pole