The process of putting headers (and trailers) around some data
Encapsulation
The process of removing encapsulation
Decapsulation
Moving DOWN the OSI Model (Application to Physical)
Encapsulation
Moving UP the OSI Model (Physical to Application)
Decapsulation
A single unit of information transmitted in a computer network
Protocol Data Unit
What is PDU?
Protocol Data Unit
How are PDU’s labeled?
Layer + number + PDU
Which one of these PDU’s are correct?
A. Layer 7 PDU
B. LPDU 7
C. L7 PDU
D. PDU L7
C. L7 PDU
Which layers are the special layers (ie - certain names) for PDU?
Layers 1,2,3 and 4
Which special layer has “segments or datagrams” for their PDUs?
Layer 4
Which special layer has “packets” for their PDUs?
Layer 3
Which special layer has “frames” for their PDUs?
Layer 2
Which special layer has “bits” for their PDUs?
Layer 1
Used to synchronize connection during the three-way handshake
SYN (Synchronization)
Used during the three-way handshake, but also used to acknowledge the successful receipt of packets
ACK (Acknowledgment)
Used to tear down the virtual connections created using the three-way handshake and the SYN flag
FIN (Finished)
Used when a client or server receives a packet that it was not expecting during the current connection
RST (Reset)
Used to ensure data is given priority and is processed at the sending or receiving ends
PSH (Push)
Similar to PSH and identifies incoming data as urgent
URG (Urgent)
Physical address that is used to identify a network card on a local area network
MAC Address
Used to indicate which protocol is encapsulated in the payload of a frame
Ether Type
What are the minimum bytes if using VLANs?
42 bytes
What are the minimum bytes if NOT using VLANs?
46 bytes
RECAP - As data moves from Layer 7 to Layer 1, it undergoes _________?
Encapsulation
