Endocrine

Question 1

location of pituitary gland

Answer 1

below hypothalamus in the brain

Question 2

hormones produced in anterior pit gland

Answer 2

TAGPL
TSH (--> thyroid gland, TH)
ACTH (--> adrenal gland, cortisol)
GH
Prolactin (lactation)
FSH/ LH (sex hormones)

Question 3

4 categories of pituitary problems

Answer 3

hormone overproduction (acromegaly, cushings, hyperthyroidism)
hormone deficiency
pressure effects 
systemic disease (infiltrative/ metastatic)

Question 4

what surrounds pituitary gland and relevance

Answer 4

above (above hypothalamus): optic chiasm –> expansion of pit gland –> bilateral hemianopia
sides: cavernous sinus (inc carotid aa and cn 3,4,5 –> expansion of pit gland –> stroke/ tia, eye problems)

Question 5

what mediates GH

Answer 5

IGF1

Question 6

dental relevance of acromegaly

Answer 6

supraorbital ridges, macroglossia, interdental spacing, snoring, sleep apnoea

Question 7

tx of acromegaly

Answer 7

gold standard: pituitary sugery

• DA agonists
• somatostatin analogues
• GH R antagonists

Question 8

dental relevance of cushingoid

Answer 8

poor wound healing, thin skin, easy bruising
psychiatric medications
immunocomp if on steroids