Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 1

The glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood.

Question 2

What is a hormone?

Answer 2

Chemical substance in the body

Hormones play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes.

Question 3

Where are hormones produced?

Answer 3

By endocrine glands

Endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, ovaries,testes, pancreas,

Question 4

What do hormones target?

Answer 4

Specific organs or cells (called target organs or target cells)

Hormones exert their effects by binding to receptors on target cells.

Question 5

Thyroid

Answer 5

Thyroid -produces the thyroxine hormone,controls rate of melbolism, excess cauce hyperactity, deficiency causes weight gain and sluggishness.

Question 6

Adrenal glands

Answer 6

Adrenal glands-produces adrenaline hormone (fight of flgh)
Increase heat rate and breathing rate blood diverted to muscles increase respiration to increase amount of glucose in blood

Question 7

Ovaries

Answer 7

Ovaries (female) -ovaries produce oestrogen: controls development of female secondary sexual characteristics, regulates menstural cycle. Progesterone, thickens uterine wall, prevents contractions until baby is born

Question 8

Testes

Answer 8

Testes (males) - hormone= testosterone- promotes development of male secondary sexual characteristice:

Question 9

Pancreas

Answer 9

Pancreas - makes hormones (like insulin and glucagon) that help control the levels of sugar in your bloodstream.

Question 10

Pituitary gland

Answer 10

When told by hypothalamus they release hormones to maintain homeostasis.e.g growth atidiuretic ADH thyroid stimulating TSH follicle stimmulating FSH lutenizing LH

Question 11

Sugars

Answer 11

Controlled by insulin and glucagon, which are hormones released by the pancreas

Question 12

Insulin

Answer 12

Removes sugar from blood from blood stream

Question 13

Glucagon

Answer 13

Secretes stored sugar into the blood stream

Question 14

Type 1

Answer 14

Symptoms: Thirsty, lots more urinating, getting very hungry, losing weight without trying, mood changes, fedling tired weak, Blurry vision.
Cause: genes passed down/ environmental
With the destruction of β-cells, the body cannot produce enough insulin to maintain energy homeostasis

Question 15

Type 2

Answer 15

Causes: Living with obesity or being overweight
Symptoms. More thinst, More urination, hunger,
weight loss, tiredness, Blurred vision, slow healing sores, frequent infections, Nambness/
tingling in hands/feet, skin darkens usually
in armpits or neck

limits the ability of the body to utilize insulin.

Question 16

Positive feedback

Answer 16

When one change happens, and another change happens but it doesn’t go back to the start

Question 17

Negative feedback

Answer 17

When one change happens, and another change happens and it goes back to the start

Question 19

How does type 1 diabetes disrupt homeostasis

Answer 19

With the destruction of β-cells, the body cannot produce enough insulin to maintain energy homeostasis

Question 20

How does type 2 diabetes disrupt homeostasis

Answer 20

limits the ability of the body to utilize insulin.