Anatomy & Physiology I > ENDOCRINE SYSTEM > Flashcards

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Flashcards

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1
Q

ADEN/O

A

GLAND

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2
Q

ADREN/O; ANDRENL/O

A

ADRENAL GLANDS

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3
Q

GLUC/O

A

GLUCOSE

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4
Q

GLYC/O

A

GLYCOGEN

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5
Q

GONAD/O

A

SEX GLANDS

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6
Q

PANCREAT/O

A

PANCREAS

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7
Q

PARATHYROID/O

A

PARATHYROID

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8
Q

THYR/O; THYROID/O

A

THYROID GLAND

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9
Q

GLANDS

A

ANY ORGANIZED MASS OF TISSUE THAT SECRETES OR EXCRETES SUBSTANCES

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10
Q

EXOCRINE GLAND

A

SECRETES SUBSTANCES INTO DUCTS

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11
Q

EDOCRINE GLAND

A

DUCTLESS GLAND THAT SECRETES SUBSTANCES INTO BLOODSTREAM

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12
Q

TARGET CELL

A

CELL WITH RECEPTORS THAT MATCH SPECIFIC HORMONES

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13
Q

RECEPTOR

A

RECOGNIZES HORMONES

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14
Q

HORMONE

A

SUBSTANCE SECRETED BY GLANDS INTO BLOODSTREAM

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15
Q

HYPOTHALAMUS

A

SECRETES SUBSTANCES THAT REGULATE PITUITARY HORMONES

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16
Q

RELEASING FACTOR

A

ALLOWING THE SECRETION OF OTHER HORMONES TO TAKE PLACE

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17
Q

INHIBITING FACTOR

A

PREVENTING THE SECRETION OF OTHER HORMONES

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18
Q

PINEAL GLAND

A

LOCATED ABOVE THE PITUITARY GLAND; RELEASES MELATONIN

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19
Q

MELATONIN

A

HORMONE RELEASED BY THE PINEAL GLAND. IT AFFECTS SEXUAL FUNCTION AND SLEEP-WAKE PATTERNS

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20
Q

PITUITARY GLAND

A

HYPOPHYSIS; SECRETES HORMONES FOR METABOLIC FUNCTION

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21
Q

HYPOPHYSIS

A

PITUITARY GLAND

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22
Q

ADENOHYPOPHYSIS

A

ANTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY GLAND

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23
Q

NEUROHYPOPHYSIS

A

POSTERIOR LOBE OF THE PITUITARY GLAND

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24
Q

THYROID GLAND

A

HELPS CONTROL BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS AND METABOLIC FUNCTIONS

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25
ISTHMUS
NARROW BAND OF TISSUE CONNECTING THE TWO LOBES OF THYROID GLAND
26
ADAM'S APPLE
THYROID CARTILAGE; SUPPORTIVE STRUCTURE OF THE LARYNX
27
METABOLISM
CHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE CELL THAT PROVIDE ENERGY
28
THYROXINE
THYROID HORMONE THAT REGULATES METABOLISM
29
TRIIODOTHYRONINE
THYROID HORMONE THAT STIMULATES GROWTH
30
CALCITONIN
THYROID HORMONE THAT CONTROLS BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS
31
PARATHYROID GLANDS
4 GLANDS LOCATED ON DORSAL SURFACE OF THYROID; HELPS MAINTAIN LEVELS OF BLOOD CALCIUM
32
THYMUS GLAND
APART OF THE IMMUNE AND ENDOCRINE SYSTEM; HELPS T AND B CELLS MATURE
33
ADRENAL GLAND
SUPRARENAL GLANDS; SITS ON KIDNEYS; REGULATES ELECTROLYTES
34
SUPRARENAL GLAND
ADRENAL GLAND
35
ADRENAL CORTEX
OUTER PORTION OF ADRENAL GLAND; CONTROLS METABOLISM, INFLAMMATION, STRESS AND SODIUM & POTASSIUM RETENTION
36
ADRENAL MEDULLA
INNER PORTION OF ADRENAL GLAND; RESPONDS TO STRESS BY SECRETING EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE
37
ELECTROLYTES
ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CONDUCTS ELECTRICITY AND IS DECOMPOSED BY IT
38
SYMPATHOMIMETIC
MIMICKING FUNCTIONS OF THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
39
CATECHOLAMINES
A CLASS OF HORMONES THAT SECRETE EPINEPHRINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE IN RESPONSE TO STRESS
40
PANCREAS
DIGESTIVE ORGAN THAT IS APART OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. HELPS MAINTAIN BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS
41
ISLETS OF LANGERHANS
SPECIALIZED CELLS THAT PRODUCE INSULIN AND GLUCAGON
42
INSULIN
HORMONE SECRETED BY THE PANCREAS TO LOWER BLOOD SUGAR
43
GLUCAGON
HORMONE SECRETED BY THE PANCREAS TO INCREASE BLOOD SUGAR
44
BETA CELLS
CELLS IN THE ISLETS IN LANGERHANS THAT PRODUCE INSULIN TO LOWER BLOOD SUGAR
45
ALPHA CELLS
CELLS IN THE ISLETS IN LANGERHANS THAT PRODUCE GLUCAGON TO INCREASE BLOOD SUGAR
46
GLYCOGEN
STARTCH THAT IS STORED IN THE LIVER THAT CAN BE CONVERTED TO GLUCOSE
47
OVARIES
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE GLANDS THAT SECRETE PROGESTRONE & ESTROGEN INTO THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
48
TESTES
MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGAN THAT SECRETES ANDROGENS INTO THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
49
ANDROGEN
MALE SEX HORMONES
50
GLYCOLYSIS
CONVERTS GLYCOGEN TO GLUCOSE
51
ADENOPATHY
GRANDULAR OR LYMPH NODE DISEASE
52
GONADOTROPIN
HORMONES THAT GROW THE GONADS
53
GLUCOGENSIS
THE PRODUCTION OF GLUCOSE
54
ADRENOMEGALY
ENLARGED ADRENAL GLANDS
55
THYROTOXIC
EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF THYROID HORMONES
56
PARATHYROIDECTOMY
REMOVAL OF PARATHYROID GLANDS
57
FASTING BLOOD SUGAR
TEST FOR GLUCOSE IN BLOOD AFTER A 12HR FAST
58
GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST (GTT)
TEST FOR GLUCOSE IN BLOOD AFTER A 12HR FAST; THE TEST IS REPEATED EVERY 3-5 HRS AFTER THE PATIENT HAS TAKEN A GLUCOSE SOLUTION
59
BLOOD SUGAR
TEST FOR GLUCOSE IN BLOOD
60
BLOOD GLUCOSE
TEST FOR GLUCOSE IN BLOOD
61
POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD SUGAR
TEST FOR GLUCOSE IN BLOOD 2 HRS AFTER MEAL
62
URINE SUGAR
TEST FOR DIABETES BY THE PRESENCE OF SUGAR KETONES IN URINE
63
GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN
TEST THAT TRACKS BLOOD SUGAR READING OVER THE PAST 2-3 MONTHS
64
RADIOACTIVE IMMUNOASSAY
TEST FOR MEASURING HORMONE LEVELS IN PLASMA; MEASURED AFTER RADIOACTIVE SOLUTION IS TAKEN
65
THYROID FUNCTION TEST/STUDY
TEST FOR LEVELS OF TSH, T3 AND T4 IN BLOOD PLASMA TO DETERMINE THRYROID FUNCTION
66
RADIOACTIVE IODINE UPTAKE
TEST FOR HOW QUICKLY THE THYROID GLANDS PULLS IN INGESTED IODINE
67
THYROID SCAN
IMAGING TEST FOR THYROID ABNORMALITIES
68
ACROMEGALY
PITUITARY DISORDER, WHICH CAUSES ABNORMALLY LARGE FEATURES (NOSE, EAR, JAW, FINGER)
69
GIGANTISM
PITUITARY DISORDER, WHICH CAUSES FAST GROWTH (VERY TALL)
70
DWARFISM
PITUITARY DISORDER, THAT STUNTS GROWTH
71
DIABETES INSIPIDUS
PITUITARY DISORDER THAT DOES NOT PRODUCE ENOUGH ANTIDIUERTIC HORMONE (ADH)
72
POLYURIS
EXCESSIVE URINATION; TOO MUCH WATER IN URINE
73
POLYDIPSIA
EXCESSIVE THIRST
74
SYNDROME OF INAPPROPRIATE ANTIDIUERTIC HORMONE (SIADH)
PITUITARY DISORDER, EXCESSIVE SECRETION OF ANTIDIUERTIC HORMONE
75
HYPERTHYROIDISM
THYROID DISORDER; OVERACTIVE THYROID; INCREASE METABOLIC RATE, WEIGHTLOSS, INSOMNIA, SWEATING AND BULGING EYES
76
GRAVES DISEASE
AKA HYPERTHYROIDISM;
77
THYROTOXICOSIS
AKA HYPERTHYROIDISM AKA GRAVES DISEASE
78
EXOPHTHALMOS
ABNORMAL PROTRUSION OF EYEBALLS
79
GOITER
ABNORMAL ENLARGEMENT OF THYROID GLAND DUE TO OVERACTIVITY OR NO IODINE
80
HYPOTHYROIDISM
DEFICIENT THYROID GLAND; SLUGGISHNESS, SLOW METABOLISM, OBESITY
81
MXYEDEMA
DEFICIENT THYROID GLAND
82
HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
OVERACTIVE PARATHYROID GLAND; BONE LOSS, KIDNEY FAILURE
83
HYPOPARATHYROIDISM
DEFICIENT PARATHYROID GLAND; LOW BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS, MUSCLE PARALYSIS, BONE LOSS
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