Endocrine System

Question 0

Master gland, regulates other glands

Answer 0

Pituitary

Question 1

Gland: circadian rhythm, day/night cycles

Answer 1

Pineal gland

Question 2

Gland: Stimulates metabolism

Answer 2

Thyroid

Question 3

Regulates calcium in blood (gland)

Answer 3

Parathyroid

Question 4

Initiates the immune system (gland)

Answer 4

Thymus

Question 5

Maintain sodium and potassium balance, cell metabolism, resist stress, produce sex hormones, release adrenaline (gland)

Answer 5

Adrenal gland

Question 6

Regulates blood sugar (gland)

Answer 6

Pancreas

Question 7

Produce sex hormones necessary for reproduction (gland)

Answer 7

Gonads

Question 8

Disorder: excessive drowsiness, disrupted sleep patterns

Answer 8

Hypersecretion of melatonin

Question 9

Disorder: fertility difficulty

Answer 9

Hyposecretion of melatonin

Question 10

Disorder: undersecretion of growth hormone, normal proportions with max height of 4 feet

Answer 10

Dwarfism

Question 11

Growth hormone secreted after growth and development

Answer 11

Acromegaly

Question 12

Oversecretion of GH, usually caused by pituitary tumor (disorder)

Answer 12

Gigantism

Question 13

Hyper/hypo-secretion of LH/FSH (disorder)

Answer 13

Sterility

Question 14

Hyposecretion of of ADH; excessive thirst and urination (disorder)

Answer 14

Diabetes insipidus

Question 15

Enlarged thyroid gland due to insufficient iodine in diet (disorder)

Answer 15

Goiter

Question 16

Early childhood disorder, hyposecretion can lead to mental and physical retardation

Answer 16

Cretinism

Question 17

Hypothyroidism in adults that can lead to fatigue, obesity, dry skin, and low body temperature

Answer 17

Myxedema

Question 18

Oversecretion resulting in high metabolism, weight loss, rapid heart rate

Answer 18

Hyperthyroidism

Question 19

Hyperthyroidism resulting in enlarged thyroid, bulging eyes

Answer 19

Grave’s disease

Question 20

Lack of PTH, uncontrollable muscle spasms, may cause death

Answer 20

Tetany

Question 21

Causes massive bone destruction

Answer 21

Hyperparathyroidism

Question 22

No immune system (bubble boy)

Answer 22

Immune deficiency

Question 23

Hyposecretion, bronzed skin, muscle weakness, suppressed immune system

Answer 23

Addison’s disease

Question 24

Hypersecretion, tumor in cortex, moonfaced, buffalo hump, high BP, depressed immune system

Answer 24

Cushing's syndrome

Question 25

Body does not produce enough insulin; type I and type II

Answer 25

Diabetes mellitus

Question 26

Sterility, lack of physical development (sexual immaturity)

Answer 26

Hyposecretion of androgen/estrogen

Question 27

Endocrine system vs. nervous system

Answer 27

Endocrine-slower

Question 28

Chemical substances secreted by cells that regulate metabolic activity

Answer 28

Hormones

Question 29

Two chemical classifications of hormones

Answer 29

Amino-based | Steroid-based

Question 30

4 ways that hormones alter cellular activity

Answer 30

- change membrane permeability - synthesis of proteins - activate/inactivate enzymes - stimulation of mitosis

Question 31

Three types of hormone release stimuli?

Answer 31

- hormonal - humoral - neural

Question 32

Most common type of stimulus?

Answer 32

Hormonal stimulus

Question 33

Hormones released due to changes in blood levels of ions and nutrients

Answer 33

Humoral stimulus

Question 34

In neural stimulus, what causes hormones to be released?

Answer 34

Nerve fiber stimulus

Question 35

Can a steroid hormone diffuse through the cell membrane?

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

In steroid hormone, what does the steroid and receptor bind to?

Answer 36

DNA in the nucleus

Question 37

In steroid hormone, what does mRNA create?

Answer 37

Synthesis of new protein

Question 38

Non-steroid hormone must bind to a _____ on the cell membrane

Answer 38

Receptor site

Question 39

Enzyme reaction in a non-steroid hormone creates a...?

Answer 39

Second messenger molecule

Question 40

Hypothalamus regulates this gland

Answer 40

Pituitary

Question 41

Melatonin (gland?)

Answer 41

Pineal

Question 42

Oxytocin

Answer 42

Pituitary

Question 43

ADH

Answer 43

Pituitary

Question 44

GH

Answer 44

Pituitary

Question 45

PRL

Answer 45

Pituitary

Question 46

FSH

Answer 46

Pituitary

Question 47

FSH

Answer 47

Pituitary

Question 48

Estrogen

Answer 48

Gonads

Question 49

Mineralcortoids

Answer 49

Adrenal

Question 50

ACTH

Answer 50

Pituitary

Question 51

T4

Answer 51

Thyroid

Question 52

Calcitonin

Answer 52

Thyroid

Question 53

PTH

Answer 53

Parathyroid

Question 54

Thymosin

Answer 54

Thymus

Question 55

Epinephrine

Answer 55

Adrenal

Question 56

TSH

Answer 56

Pituitary

Question 57

Insulin, glucagon

Answer 57

Pancreas

Question 58

Androgen

Answer 58

Gonads

Question 59

LH

Answer 59

Pituitary

Question 60

Progesterone

Answer 60

Gonads

Question 61

Type I diabetes

Answer 61

Pancreas

Question 62

Dwarfism

Answer 62

Pituitary

Question 63

Addison's disease

Answer 63

Adrenal

Question 64

Tetany

Answer 64

Parathyroid

Question 65

Graves' disease

Answer 65

Thyroid

Question 66

Immune deficiency

Answer 66

Thymus

Question 67

Myxedema

Answer 67

Thyroid

Question 68

Type II diabetes

Answer 68

Pancreas

Question 69

Acromegaly

Answer 69

Pituitary

Question 70

Goiter

Answer 70

Thyroid

Question 71

Cushing syndrome

Answer 71

Adrenal

Question 72

Diabetes insipidus

Answer 72

Pituitary

Question 73

Gigantism

Answer 73

Pituitary