Nutritional status is…
the balance between an organism’s demands for physiologic functioning and its intake and use of nutrients
Correira, 2018
Under nutrition/mal nutrition syndrome
“a morbid state secondary to a deficiency or excess, relative or absolute, of >1 essential nutrients.”
by Jellife
What causes undernutrition/malnutrition?
- insufficient intake
- increased demand for nutrients
- disorder in the absorption/use of nutrients
basic charachteristic of undernutrition?
Unintentional loss of body weight
causes of undernutrition
- decreased food intake resulting from lack of appetite
- alone or with inadequate utilization of nutrients
- increased losses as well as requirements
risk factors of undernutrition
- disease state
- social segregation
- low economic status
- lack of medical awareness
- long hospitalization
stages of undernutrition
- Muscle protect -> energy requirements met by liver glycogen & fat
- Muscle & fat loss
- Undernutrition
Starvation-related malnutrition
Chronic starvation w/o inflamation
Chronic disease-related malnutrition
Chronic inflammation of mild/moderate degree
Acute disease or injury-related malnutrition
Acute & Severe inflamation
Cachexia
Advanced undernutririon state in cancer pxs
Bc -> Negative protein and energy balance driven by the combination of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism.
Sarcopenia
criteria
- Muscle loss
- Walking speed ≤ 1 m/s or who walks < 400 m during a 6-minute walk
- Lean appendicular mass corrected for height squared of 2 standard deviations or more below the mean of healthy persons between 20 and 30 years of age of the same ethnic group
Sarcopenia
Muscle and functionality loss
Decreased body compartments
Muscle affected in the acutely inflamed px
Nutrition care process
systematic method
4 steps:
Problem identification
1. Nutrition assesment
2. Nutrition dx
Problem Solving
3. Nutrition intervention
4. Nutrition monitoring
Step 1. Nutrition Assessment & Reassessment
Colllect, classify and synthesize data of pxs
