Energy Engineering

Question 1

Oil Situation

Answer 1

• Increased Saudi production
• Saudi policy to not depend on oil in 20 years
• US$2 trillion fund
• Task force on climate related disclosures
• Price uncertainty

Question 2

Paris Agreement

Answer 2

• Political will to phase out fossil fuels demonstrated
• G7 declaration to cut greenhouse gases by phasing out the use of fossil flues by the end of the century
• G20 declaration
• NZ only 11% reduction on 1990 levels (must increase)
• NZ two for one subsidy removal
• NZ credit price increase
• Renewables - fuel price certainty (free); plus low environmental impact

Question 3

Three No-regrets

Answer 3

Energy efficiency
Renewables
Energy infrastructure

Question 4

Three Energy Carriers

Answer 4

Electricity
Heat
Fuels (liquid, solid, gaseous)

Question 5

Sustainable Futures

Answer 5

Implications include:

• Business-not-as-usual
• Electrification of transport

Question 6

Energy Services

Answer 6

• Lighting
• Cooking
• Water supply/waste treatment
• Sustainable indoor environments
• Mobility
• Communication
• Entertainment
• Manufacturing/processing capability

Question 7

Energy Supply Chains

Answer 7

• Liquid, solid and gaseous fuels
• Heat
• Electricity
• Key issues: infrastructure, vulnerability, resilience, storage

Question 8

Energy Equation (work)

Answer 8

E = F*d
unit is J
or cal or kWh

Question 9

Power Equation (rate of work)

Answer 9

P = F*v

unit is Watt (or J/s)

Question 10

Prefixes

Answer 10

• Kilo: 10^3
• Mega: 10^6
• Giga: 10^9
• Tera: 10^12

Question 11

Water/Wastewater

Answer 11

Water supply:
- pumping and mixing

Wastewater treatment:
- pumping, aeration, conveyance

Question 12

NZ Primary Energy

Answer 12

2013

• Renewables = 38%
• Fossil fuels = 62%
• Oil provides the biggest sector

Question 13

NZ Delivered Energy

Answer 13

2013

• Oil with biggest section (almost 50%)
• Electricity with next biggest

Question 14

NZ Energy Use By Sector

Answer 14

2013

• Transport with biggest use of energy in the form of oil
• Industrial use of energy dominates the other energy sources

Question 15

Energy Sources

Answer 15

• Geothermal
• Hydro
• Wood
• Wind
• Biogas
• Solar
• Oil
• Gas
• Coal

Question 16

NZ Electricity Use

Answer 16

2013

• Renewables = 75.1%
• Fossil fuels = 24.9%
• Over 50% is supplied by hydroelectric
• next biggest sector is Gas closely followed by geothermal

Question 17

NZ Energy Strategy 2011

Answer 17

• Primary focus on economic development
• Major emphasis on fossil fuels
• Electricity target: 90% from renewables by 2025
• Diverse resource development
• Environmental responsibility
• Efficient use of energy
• Secure and affordable energy
• Make most of energy potential