Term 4: ID practice > Enterics > Flashcards

Enterics Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What is MacConkey agar?

A
  • contains bile salts to suppress the growth of most gram (+) organisms
  • suppresses growth of Neisseria & Haemophilus
  • also contains lactose & a pH indicator
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2
Q

What type of agar plates do we use to test lactose fermentation in Gm (-) organisms?

A

MacConkey agar

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3
Q

Which surface antigen on Gm (-) organisms confers motility?

A

Flagella

(H Antigen)

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4
Q

What do fibriae do for Gm (-) bacteria?

A
  • allows attachment to host cell
  • exhibit phase variation

(used for UTI)

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5
Q

What does it mean if bacteria can form a biofilm?

A

-they have a capsule

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6
Q

Why can’t organisms that have lipooligosaccharide grow in the gut?

A

-sensitive to bile salts

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7
Q

What infection is caused by bacteria with P-fimbriae?

A

Pyelonephritis

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8
Q

What does LPS do to the host?

A

Activates the sepsis cascade

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9
Q

What are siderophores?

A
  • allow Gm (-) bacteria to scavenge Fe from environment
  • Gm (-) bacteria need iron to live
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10
Q

What is the K antigen a part of?

A

-the gram (-) capsule

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11
Q

What diseases are caused by Klebsiella?

A
  • UTI
  • Pneumonia
  • multiple nosocomia infections (biliary infection, peritonitis, wound infxn)
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12
Q

When are Morganella and Providencia infections seen?

A

-individuals with long-term catheters

*very close cousins of Proteus

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13
Q

What diseases are caused by Proteus mirabilis?

A
  • UTI
  • Staghorn calculus
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14
Q

What diseases are caused by Citrobacter?

A
  • Catheter associated UTI
  • Brain abscess in neonates
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15
Q

What mediates adhesion of E. Coli to intestinal mucosa?

A

Fimbriae (Pili)

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16
Q

In what organism do we see Hemolytic uremia syndrome (HUS)?

A
  • Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
  • Shigella
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17
Q

What are the three components of Hemolytic uremic syndrome?

A
  • Renal failure
  • Hemolytic anemia
  • Thrombocytopenia
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18
Q

Pt has renal failure, hemolytic anemia, and thrombocytopenia. What organism are we thinking?

A
  • Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
  • Shigella

* these are the components of Hemolytic uremic syndrome, seen in EHEC infection

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19
Q

What diseases are caused by Enteropathogenic E. Coli (EPEC)?

A

-acute diarrhea in infants

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20
Q

What diseases does Enteroaggregative E. Coli (EAEC) cause?

A
  • chronic diarrhea & malnutrition in developing countries
  • # 2 travelers diarrhea
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21
Q

How do we identify Enteroaggregative E. Coli (EAEC)?

A

stacked brick adherence to tissue culture cells in Hep-2 cell assay

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22
Q

What diseases are caused by Enteroinvasive E. Coli?

23
Q

E. coli only causes neonatal meningitis if it has ________.

24
Q

E. coli’s heat Labile toxin increases c_MP.

25
E. coli's heat Stable toxin increases c\_MP levels.
cGMP
26
Lactose fermenters turn _________ on mackonkey agar.
Pink
27
What infections are caused by klebsiella?
- lobar pneumonia - UTI
28
To treat klebsiella you need to use _________ because all klebsiella are ampicillin resistant.
B lactamase inhibitors
29
Is serratia a normal part of the human fecal flora?
no
30
A disk approximation test is used to see if there is ________ in __________ (bacteria).
- induced resistance - Enterobacter
31
Some subtypes of Enterobacter express a _______ in response to certain antibiotics.
B-lactamase
32
"swarming on blood agar"
Proteus
33
What is the treatment for proteus?
Sulfonamides
34
Biggest worry about citrobacter?
Brain abscesses
35
What are the 2 bugs that cause enteric fever?
- salmonella - yersinia
36
Which strain of E. coli is the most common cause of outbreaks of bloody diarrhea?
O157:H7 EHEC
37
"LEE pathogenecity island"
STEC & EHEC
38
Antibiotics are contraindicated in diarrhea caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_, becuase it will cause a massive release in toxins, resulting in HUS.
EHEC
39
Shiga toxin binds to the ________ portion of ribosomes, and inhibits translation.
60s
40
How do people get infected with Shigella?
Ass-to-mouth
41
Why is the infectious dose of Shigella super low? (10-100 organisms)
It is acid-stable
42
What are the virulence factors of Shigella?
- Invasive (more important) uses actin to propel itself - Shiga toxin
43
Shigella causes HUS more commonly in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
young children
44
How are shigella and Listeria similar?
- Both invade M cells - Both use Host's actin to propel themselves
45
Salmonella is (motile/non-motile), while Shigella is (motile/non-motile).
Salmonella = motile Shigella = non-motile
46
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the #1 cause of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell.
Salmonella typhi
47
This diarrhea causing bug is carried by reptiles and amphibians.
Salmonella
48
"Rose colored macules"
Salmonella typhi
49
Salmonells _______ likes to live in the gallbladder.
Salmonella typhi
50
Recurrent salmonella is an \_\_\_\_\_-defining illness.
AIDS
51
Yersinia enterocolitica is commonly transfered via \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Puppy poop
52
Yersinia doesn't make \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Thus, iron overload is a risk factor for infection.
Siderophores
53
Disease caused by Yersinia is exacerbated by \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
abscence of a spleen, or sickle cell
54
Infection with this bug causes RLQ pain, and is often indistinguishable from acute appendicitis.
Yersinia enterocolitica
Term 4: ID practice
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