what is activation energy
The minimum energy required for reaction to take place 
what is average bond enthalpy 
the average energy needed to break one mole of a specific type of covalent bond in gaseous molecules
What is an Endothermic reaction
A reaction which takes in energy. more energy is required to break bonds that is released by making bonds (change in enthalpy is +)
what is enthalpy change of combustion?
The enthalpy change for complete
combustion of 1 mol
what is enthalpy change of formation? i’m
The enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states
what is enthalpy change of reaction?
The enthalpy change that is associated with a particular chemical equation
what is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction which gives out energy. more energy is released by bondmaking in is used in bomb breaking
what is standard conditions?
A pressure of 100kPa and a temperature, 298K
what does it mean when all average bond enthalpies have a positive value?
Bonds are breaking and is endothermic
what is standard state?
The physical state of a substance under standard conditions
A mixture of gases is heated in a closed container. The reaction rate increases.
explain why the rate increases?
More molecules have an energy greater than the activation energy
Which statement about energy changes is correct?
The enthalpy change for the condensation of a gas to a liquid is a negative value
what is an enthalpy change
it is the amount of heat energy released or taken in, per mole of substance, during a physical or chemical change
is exothermic positive or negative
negative
is endothermic positive or negative
positive
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EQUATIONS7
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DEFINITIONS29
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UNITS13
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electron structure5
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atomic structure and isotopes21
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shapes of molecules47
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compounds, formulae and equations10
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amounts of a substance11
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acids, bases and dissociation18
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redox reactions14
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history of periodic table3
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periodicity26
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group 730
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group 26
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group 716
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enthalpy15
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reaction rates14
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chemical equilibrium10
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tests13
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aliphatic synthetic routes21
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aromatic synthetic routes7
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phenols synthetic routes3
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4.1 alkanes10
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4.1 alkenes15
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4.2 alcohols12
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4.2 haloalkanes15
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4.3 practical techniques in organic chemistry3
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6.1 benzene18
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6.1 phenols9
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6.1 carbonyls7
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6.1 carboxylic acids5
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6.1 esters4
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6.1 acyl chlorides11
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6.2 amines5
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6.2 amides5
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6.2 amino acids2
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6.2 chirality and optical isomerism2
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6.2 polyesters and polyamides6
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6.2 extending carbon chain5
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6.3 chromotography10
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6.3 NMR8
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organic definitions11
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acid, bases and buffers6
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5.1 rates9
