1
Q
q 🌍 What is ecologism (as an ideology)?
A
- A coherent belief system about environment + society
- Provides answers to ecological crisis
- Goes beyond simple environmental concern
2
Q
q Ecologism treats the Earth as an ______ of answers to political and social issues.
A
- Apparatus
- Source of solutions
- Normative guide
3
Q
q 🧠 How is ecologism different from environmentalism?
A
- Environmentalism = managerial fixes
- Ecologism = radical change
- Focus on sustainability + transformation
4
Q
q ⚖️ Environmentalism vs Ecologism
A
- Environmentalism = reform system
- Ecologism = change system
- Different depth of ideology
5
Q
q 🧠 What does ecologism argue about modern society?
A
- Current systems unsustainable
- Need structural change
- Human-nature relationship flawed
6
Q
q Ecologism requires ______ changes in political and economic life.
A
- Radical
- Structural
- Long-term
7
Q
q 🌍 What global issues drive ecologism?
A
- Climate change
- Resource depletion
- Environmental crisis
8
Q
q 🧠 Why is ecologism considered an ideology (not just a movement)?
A
- Has values + beliefs
- Provides political programs
- Offers future vision
9
Q
q 🔍 What does Luke argue about ecologism’s role?
A
- Shapes political action
- Guides social change
- Responds to global crisis
10
Q
q 🧠 What is a key criticism of environmentalism?
A
- Too focused on management
- Doesn’t challenge system
- Limited long-term impact
11
Q
q Ecologism critiques ______ global capitalism.
A
- Neoliberal
- Market-driven
- Growth-focused
12
Q
q 🌐 How does globalisation relate to ecologism?
A
- Spreads environmental problems
- Links economies globally
- Requires global solutions
13
Q
q 🧠 What is the main tension in ecologism?
A
- Growth vs sustainability
- Economy vs environment
- Development vs limits
14
Q
q 📊 What does ecologism say about economic growth?
A
- Growth is unsustainable
- Leads to crisis
- Must be limited or rethought
15
Q
q 🧠 What is “critical climatology”?
A
- Focus on climate crisis
- Uses science + politics
- Calls for urgent action
16
Q
q ⚠️ What does critical climatology emphasise?
A
- Urgency of climate change
- Scientific authority
- Need for global response
17
Q
q 🧠 What is ecomodernisation?
A
- Optimistic approach
- Technology solves crisis
- Works within capitalism
18
Q
q ⚙️ Key idea of ecomodernisation?
A
- Innovation + efficiency
- Green technology
- Economic growth continues
19
Q
q Ecomodernisation believes environmental problems can be solved through ______ and ______.
A
- Technology
- Innovation
19
Q
q 🏛️ What is green statism?
A
- Strong government role
- Regulates environment
- Uses state power for sustainability
20
Q
q 🧠 What does green statism prioritise?
A
- Policy + regulation
- State intervention
- Environmental governance
21
Q
q 🌿 What is natural capitalism?
A
- Markets + sustainability
- Efficiency + conservation
- Align economy with ecology
22
Q
q 💰 Key idea of natural capitalism?
A
- Profit + environment compatible
- Resource efficiency
- Market solutions
23
Q
q 🧠 What is banal ecologism?
A
- Everyday green behaviour
- Consumer-level change
- Normalised environmentalism
24
q 🛒 Examples of banal ecologism?
- Recycling
- Green consumerism
- Lifestyle choices
25
q Banal ecologism focuses on ______ rather than structural change.
- Individual behaviour
- Consumption
- Daily habits
26
q 🧠 What is a limitation of banal ecologism?
- Ignores systemic issues
- Focuses on individuals
- Fits within capitalism
27
q ⚖️ What is the ideological spectrum within ecologism?
- Radical → reformist
- Structural → individual
- Anti-capitalist → pro-market
28
q 🧠 Why are there multiple types of ecologism?
- Different solutions
- Different values
- Competing visions
29
q 📣 What is ecologism’s political goal?
- Sustainable society
- Long-term survival
- Balance with nature
30
q 🧠 What is meant by “sustainability”?
- Long-term resource use
- Avoid environmental collapse
- Intergenerational fairness
31
q 🌍 What future does ecologism aim for?
- Stable environment
- Equitable society
- Sustainable systems
32
q Ecologism provides a ______ for transforming society.
- Framework
- Ideology
- Political vision
33
q 🧠 What is Luke’s overall argument?
- Ecologism = full ideology
- Not just activism
- Shapes global politics
34
q ⚠️ Final critique: what is the open question about ecologism?
- Can it deliver real change?
- Too tied to capitalism?
- Competing approaches
35
q 🧠 What is the “Last Man” thought experiment?
- Imagine the last human on Earth
- They destroy ecosystems and species
- Ask: is this still morally wrong?
36
q ⚖️ Why is the “Last Man” argument important?
- Challenges human-centered ethics
- Tests moral value beyond humans
- Supports need for environmental ethics
36
q 🧠 What did Richard Routley / Sylvan argue?
- Western ethics is inadequate
- Nature has moral value beyond humans
- A new environmental ethic is needed
37
q Routley’s argument criticises ______ ethics.
- Anthropocentric
- Human-centered
- Western liberal ethics
38
q 🚫 Why is “do no harm” to persons not enough for Routley?
- It protects only humans
- Ignores value of nature itself
- Cannot explain why destruction is wrong
39
q 🧠 What is human chauvinism?
- Humans treated as morally central
- Nature valued only instrumentally
- Bias toward human interests
40
q ⚖️ Human chauvinism vs environmental ethics
- Human chauvinism centers people
- Environmental ethics expands moral concern
- Challenges human superiority
41
q 🌍 What does it mean to expand the moral circle?
- Extend moral concern outward
- Beyond humans alone
- Include animals, life, ecosystems
42
q 🐾 What is biocentrism?
- All living things have moral standing
- Not just humans
- Life itself matters
43
q 🌱 What is ecocentrism?
- Ecosystems have value
- Includes non-living supports of life
- Focus on wholes, not just individuals
44
q 🐶 What is Peter Singer’s key contribution to environmental ethics?
- Sentience matters morally
- Capacity to suffer is key
- Expands concern to animals
45
q ⚠️ Why is Singer still limited compared with deep ecocentrism?
- Focuses on sentient beings
- Not ecosystems as wholes
- Still narrower than ecocentrism
46
q ♀️ What does environmental feminism argue?
- Environmental domination links to social domination
- Human-centered ethics mirrors hierarchy
- Ecology and justice are connected
47
q 🧠 What is the link between ecofeminism and chauvinism?
- Both critique domination
- Human domination parallels patriarchy
- Ethics must challenge hierarchy itself
48
q 🌏 What are Mary Graham’s two core Aboriginal worldview precepts?
- The land is the law
- You are not alone in the world
- Relations are central
49
q 🪨 What does “The land is the law” mean?
- Country orders life and obligation
- Law is relational and place-based
- Land is not just property
50
Country orders life and obligation
Law is relational and place-based
Land is not just property
- Humans are interconnected
- Kinship extends beyond people
- Country includes non-human relations
51
q 🌿 What is Caring for Country?
- Cultural and spiritual obligation
- Long-term custodianship
- Care for land, waters and life
52
q ⚖️ How does an Aboriginal worldview differ from a dominant Western worldview?
- Country at the centre
- Humans not the owners of nature
- Relations matter more than control
53
q 🌱 What is the difference between environmentalism and ecologism?
- Preservation of nature
- Protection from pollution/destruction
- Advocacy and policy concern
54
q 🧠 Why is the term “natural environment” contested?
- Humans shape all environments
- Nature/society binary is unstable
- “Pure nature” may no longer exist
55
q 🌍 What is meant by a “comparatively natural” environment?
- Not untouched by humans
- Only relatively less transformed
- Nature exists on a spectrum
56
q 📚 What does The End of Nature idea suggest?
- Human influence is everywhere
- No fully separate nature remains
- Ecology must address hybridity
57
q 📣 What are key historical touchpoints in modern environmentalism?
Silent Spring
Earth Day 1970
Stockholm 1972
58
q 🏛️ How did environmentalism emerge as a distinct ideology?
- Mid-late 20th century
- Response to ecological crises
- In dialogue with science
59
q 🌏 What does the slogan “think global, act local” mean?
- Global problems need local action
- Connect everyday life to world issues
- Scale matters in environmental politics
59
q 🇦🇺 Why is the United Tasmania Group important?
- Early Green politics in Australia
- Called for “a new ethic”
- Linked humans and nature
60
q ⚖️ What is the key divide inside environmentalism?
- Reform vs transformation
- “Light green” vs “dark green”
- Greening capitalism vs new society
61
q 🌡️ What are the three climate frames from Goodman?
- Transition
- Emergency
- Transformation
62
q 🛠️ What is the transition path?
- Gradual change
- Policy-led solutions
- Green economy focus
63
q 🚨 What is the emergency path?
- Urgent mobilisation
- Politicises climate impacts
- Often linked to protest movements
64
q 🔄 What is the transformation path?
- Systemic social change
- Targets fossil fuel structures
- Pushes deeper alternatives
65
q 🧠 Why does climate framing matter politically?
- Different words create different responses
- “Emergency” can mobilise
- “Catastrophe” may paralyse
66
Shows pollution beyond climate
Links daily consumption to ecology
Highlights infrastructure failures
- Show land justice issues
- Raise Indigenous sovereignty questions
- Connect ecology with colonialism
66
q 🤝 What are Black-Green alliances?
- Indigenous + environmental collaboration
- Built around land, justice and protection
- Can strengthen resistance movements
67
q ⚠️ What is a pitfall of Green-Black alliances?
- Risk of instrumentalising Indigenous people
- “Greenies” may oversimplify Aboriginal politics
- Alliances can be unequal
SPS
flashcards
Decks in class (6)
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