Enzymes

Question 1

What is the lock and key model?

Answer 1

Lock=enzyme key=substrate

The idea that the complimentary shape of the active site and substrate fit PERFECTLY together

Question 2

What is the induced fit model?

Answer 2

-Active site changes shape to fit around the substrate.

-This puts strain on the substrate bonds

-Strain experienced by amino acids which hold substrate together at active site. Substrate no longer fits active site so leaves.(strain makes/breaks bonds)

Question 3

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Answer 3

-Cold temps=low kinetic energy=low collision rate.

-High temps=tertiary structure breaks down=denature.

-Work best at optimum temp, 37 ish

Question 4

How does pH affect enzyme activity?

Answer 4

-pH refers to the con of H+ and OH- ions in a solution

-Work best at optimum pH, where H+ ions give tertiary structure best shape

Question 5

How does substrate conc affect enzyme activity?

Answer 5

-If substrate conc increses, collisions between substrate and enzyme increase. But this is limited by enzyme conc as not enough active sites for all the substrates

Question 6

How does enzyme conc affect enzyme activity?

Answer 6

-As enzyme conc increases reaction rate increases as more active sites are available, increased reaction rate

Question 7

What is a co-enzyme?

Answer 7

An organic molecule that increases enzyme activity

Question 8

What is a cofactor?

Answer 8

An inorganic ion that increases enzyme activity

Question 9

What is a prosthetic group?

Answer 9

A tightly bound, non-amino acid component necessary for enzyme activity

Question 10

What is an example of a co-enzyme

Answer 10

NAD, assists electron transport enzymes

Question 11

What type of enzyme is catalyse and what is its function?

Answer 11

An intracellular enzyme which speeds up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen

Question 12

What is an example of a cofactor and what is its function?

Answer 12

Cl- that assist amylase’s break down of starch into maltose

Question 13

What is an example of a prosthetic group and what is its function?

Answer 13

Zn2+, involved in assisting carbonic anhydrase to rapidly convert h2o+c02 into carbonic acid

Question 14

How do you calculate the temperature coefficient and what does it show?

Answer 14

Rate of reaction at temperature+10/ rate of reaction at temperature.

Shows the effect of a 10 degree temp rise on rate of reaction.