Describe an Autorotative Landing
-Collective to maintain NR in the green
-65kts
-Fuel flow to shut down position
-Attempt re-light? (Wait for NG to drop below 30%)
Otherwise:
-Close fuel shut off, boost pumps off, generator off & master off (if you smell burning)
-Head into wind
-65ft start flare
-20-25ft, (constant attitude) gradually raise collective to reduce sink rate
-Level out before touch down
-Lower collective after ground contact
Engine Failure in a Hover (IGE)
(DO NOT REDUCE COLLECTIVE)
-Maintain heading & level attitude
-Raise collective to cushion touch down
-Lower collective after ground contact
Engine Failure in a Hover (OGE)
-Lower collective
-Pitch for airspeed according to available height
-Proceed with autorotative landing procedure
Flame Out in Flight
Autorotate
What are the Symptoms of an Engine Failure?
- Jerk in heading to the right (high-power flight)
- Drop in Nr (Horn below 360 rpm)
- Torque at zero
- Ng falling to zero
- Generator warning light illuminates
How Do You Relight the Engine in Flight?
(Normal ceiling is 13,000 ft, but may be attempted at any altitude)
-Make sure boost pumps are ON
-Wait for Ng to fall below 30%
-Carry out normal start procedure
*Accelerate engine progressively as Nf approaches Nr to avoid jerk on re-synchronization
Governor Failure : Large Drop in Fuel Flow Rate
(Same Symptoms as engine failure, but Ng stabilizes an remote below 70%)
-Autorotate
-Advance Fuel flow into emergency sector (Ng & T4 should rise)
-Control engine speed to 70% Ng
-Increase collective and trim fuel flow to hold level flight at 380 rpm
Governor Failure : Excessive Fuel Flow Rate
(DO NOT LOWER COLLECTIVE)
-Manually reduce fuel flow until Nr is middle of the green
-Continue flight with governor out of action
*Any adjustment in collective will require an adjustment of fuel control position as well
What is the landing procedure when fuel flow is outside the governed range? (Gov Failure)
-Shallow approach, 65 kts
-Set Nr top of the green using fuel flow control
-On final reduce airspeed without adjusting fuel flow
-Nr will droop when collective is raised at the bottom of the approach
-After touch down, reduce fuel flow BEFORE lowering collective
Engine Surging
-Reduce collective
-If surging persists
(engine oil pressure & fuel pressure are normal)
-Reduce fuel flow slightly out of the governed range
-If surging STILL persists :
-Land ASAP and shut down
Engine Fire During Start Up
-Close fuel shut-off
-Rotor brake
-Boost pumps OFF
-Crank engine 10 seconds
-Battery off
-Grab fire extinguisher
Engine Fire in Flight
-Autorotate
-Close fuel shut-off
-Boost pumps OFF, Generator OFF
-Master OFF (if you smell burning)
Smoke in the Cabin : Known Source
-Shut off the corresponding system
-If necessary, use fire extinguisher
-Open vents
-Continue flight (depending on failed system)
Smoke in the Cabin : Unknown Source
-Shut off the heating and demister
-If smoke doesn’t clear :
-Master switch OFF
-Set all switches to OFF (including GEN)
-Air out cabin, then close vents
-Battery ON
-Master switch ON
-Generator ON, check voltage & current
-If everything is normal :
-Switch ON circuits one by one until the malfunction is detected
Tail Rotor Drive Failure : IGE Hover / Lower Speed
-Reduce collective
-Bring helicopter to the ground before yaw rate is too high
Tail Rotor Drive Failure : OGE Hover / Lower Speed
-Reduce collective
-Pitch for airspeed
-Follow procedure for Tail Rotor Drive Failure in Forward Flight
Tail Rotor Drive Failure in Forward Flight
-Will result in yaw to the left
-Reduce collective as much as possible and maintain forward airspeed
-Set up a steep approach
-On final, shut down engine
-Autorotate (limit ground run)
Tail Rotor Control Failure
-70 kts & level
-Push HYD TEST, after 5 sec, reset to normal position
-Shallow approach (slight left slip)
-Run on landing
Gauge Reads No Fuel Pressure
-If the FUEL. P warning light is OFF
-Faulty gauge
-Continue flight
*If FUEL. P light is ON Follow procedure for warning light
Fuel Pressure Gauge Shows Low Pressure
If FUEL. F warning light is OFF
-Faulty gauge
-Continue flight
*If it is ON Follow procedure for FUEL. F warning light
Low Engine Oil Pressure (Gauge in the red above 85% Ng)
-Test that ENG. P. Warning light is operational
- ENG.P. light is NOT operational
-If torquemeter is low, shut down, autorotate
-If torquemeter is normal, land ASAP - ENG.P. light IS operational
-If torquemeter is low, land ASAP
-If torquemeter is normal, land as soon as practicable (monitor light)
ENG. P Light Illuminates
-Reduce collective
-Check engine oil pressure gauge
1. If gauge is low & torquemeter is low
-Shut down engine, autorotate
2. If gauge is low & torquemeter is normal
-Land immediately
3. If gauge is normal & torquemeter is normal
-Land ASAP
High Engine Oil Temperature : In Hover / Lower Speeds
- Land if possible
-Shut down
-Check oil cooler fan - If landing is not possible
-Accelerate to 80 kts
-Temperature should drop - If Temperature does NOT go down
-Land ASAP
High Engine Oil Temperature : In Forward Flight
-Reduce power
1. Land if possible
-Shut down
-Check oil cooler fan
2. If landing is NOT possible
-Fly 80 kts
-Temperature should drop
3. If temperature does NOT go down
-Land ASAP
