How many layers are in the epidermis?
Five layers (from top to bottom):
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum germinativum
What is the deepest layer of the epidermis?
Stratum germinativum (basal cell layer)
Which epidermal layer has a spiny appearance?
Stratum spinosum
Where does keratinisation happen?
Stratum granulosum
Which layer is only found on thick skin (hands & feet)?
Stratum Lucidum
Which is the top/outermost layer of the epidermis?
Stratum Corneum
Which layer provides waterproofing for the skin?
Stratum Granulosum
Which layer contains melanocytes?
Stratum Germinativum (Basale)
Which layer is responsible for most of the skin’s thickness in the epidermis?
Stratum Spinosum
Order the epidermis layers from bottom (deepest) to top (surface).
Stratum Germinativum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Corneum
What is the main function of the Stratum Corneum?
To act as a protective barrier against bacteria, chemicals, and environmental damage.
Which layer is responsible for cell regeneration (mitosis)?
Stratum Germinativum (Basale)
Which layer helps prevent water loss due to lipid content?
Stratum Granulosum
What type of cells are found throughout the epidermis?
Keratinocytes
What happens to cells as they move from the Germinativum to the Corneum?
They flatten, fill with keratin, lose their nucleus, die, and eventually shed.
Which layer provides extra protection for areas exposed to friction?
Stratum Lucidum
Which layer is sometimes called the “prickle cell layer”?
Stratum Spinosum
What protein is essential in forming the tough, protective outer layer of the skin?
Keratin
Which layer plays the biggest role in skin pigmentation?
Stratum Germinativum
How long does it take for cells to travel from the bottom epidermal layer to the top?
Approximately 28 days (varies slightly by age and skin health).
