Epigenetics

Question 1

what are Epigenetics?

Answer 1

• the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.
• epigenetic is the study of the epigenome ( a system of gene that exists outside the DNA)
• The epigenome are factors that control what controls what parts of the DNA are activated. These factors can either be intra cellular.

Question 2

Each DNA strand is non dividing cell clues is found as fine strands of chromatin that wrap around the four Pairs histone protein molecules to form nucleosome. there are 2 types of these chromatids? What are they?

Answer 2

heterochromatids: tightly wrapped around the histone proteins

eucromatids: loosely wrapped around the histone proteins contains genes that can be transcribed

Question 3

What is Histone modification?

Answer 3

• histone modifications are not permanent chemical tabs that are added to histones/ DNA to determine if a certain gene can be coded or note. Histone modifications can be reversed according to the chemical environment of the cell.
• DNA ethylene is a further step of this process when a chemical tag is added to a gene to stop it from being transcribed

Question 4

What are the two types of types of identical twins

Answer 4

• dizygotic twins or fraternal twins are twins are twins that are developed from a different egg and fertilised by a different spree cell.
• Monozygotic twins are twin that are developed from 1 zygote that splits into two embryos which because they have the same genotype they are identical.