epistaxis
nose bleeding
causes
trauma medication granulomatosis polyangitis tumour surgery cocaine
what medications can cause epistaxis
anticoagulants
antiplatelets
management
DRABCDE
compression
cautery
anterior then posterior nasal packing
when would packing be indicated
unable to localise bleeding site
what should be given if first aid management is effective, to prevent crusting
topical antiseptic
nasal septal haematoma
haematoma developed due to nasal injury
septal haematoma rhinoscopy observation
bilateral red swelling
management of septal haematoma
emergency incision and drainage