LPF
Low Pass Filter
- cuts out high end
- lets low end pass
- has changeable slope (Q)
- steep or shallow
HPF
High Pass Filter
- cuts out low frequencies
- lets high frequencies through
- has changeable slope (Q)
- steep of shallow
HSF
High Shelf Filter
- use to increase/decrease gain of high end
- can add air to cymbals or vocals
- used to add brightness or make things more dull
LSF
Low Shelf Filter
- increase/decrease low end
- can be used to make bass thicker/thumpier
BPF
Band Pass Filter
- increase/decrease certain frequencies
- used to mute harsh sounds that are unwanted
- used to boost frequencies that are wanted to model the sound of individual instruments - give them their own space
Q
stands for quality
- affects the width of frequencies affected by any type of filter
- a high Q has steeper curves and effects a smaller range
- a low Q has shallower curves and effects a larger range
Frequency
determines the centre frequency effected by a type of filter
Gain
controls how much the frequencies selected are increased/decreased
- sometimes called attenuation
what are the 3 types of EQ
- Parametric EQ
- Graphic EQ
- Shelving EQ
Parametric EQ
All filter settings are changeable:
- frequency of each filter
- Q of each filter
- Gain of each filter
- which filters are used
Graphic EQ
Uses all types of filters but at fixed frequencies
- Gain still changeable
- Q fixed
- Fixed frequencies - in octave increases (usually)
Shelving EQ
Only uses high and low shelf filters
- Frequency changeable
- Gain changeable
Cutoff frequency
The frequency where no sound is getting past a filter
