Whats the Canadian native population called?
First Nations
What are 5 examples of projects which threaten the rights of the first Nation people?
-Fracking in New Brunswick
-Oil sands + shale mining (Bakken project) in Alberta
-Trans Mountain pipeline between Alberta and Vancouver
-Pacific trails pipeline
-Jumbo Valley resort
Key facts about the Jumbo valley proposed resort (Positives)
-1st ever year round resort in N.America with 20 slopes
-When fully developed will employ 805 on site
-Capacity of 6,250 people
-Glacier resorts Ltd behind project
Negatives of Jumbo valley resort on First Nations?
2017 1st nations argued in the supreme court that the resort would inhibit freedom of religion
-The Ktunaxa nation have lived here for 400 generations
-And the resort would mean the grizzly bear spirit would be ‘driven’ away, preventing spiritual fulfilment
Negatives of Jumbo valley resort on the biodiversity?
-Land is home to around 600 grizzly bears
-700km2 of parcell mountains with forest covergae
-$70 million worth of roads would have to be constructed, fracturing the grizzly habitat and deforesting parts of the land
-Fractured habitat puts extinction at greater risk and means the land cant be used as a wildlife corridor as easily
Negatives of Jumbo valley resort on local business owners?
-90% of pre-existing business owners that the resort would harm and steal from their business
What are some methods of Sustainable development along with globalisation?
-Transition towns
-Fairtrade
-Ethical Shopping
What is a transition town?
A settlement where individuals and businesses have adopted bottom up initiatives to make their community more sustainable and less reliant on global trade
What are the cons of local sourcing?
- Suppliers can be over dependant on buyer as a stable income
- Buyers have little room for negotiation as they have only one source
- Lack of options for selling and buying suppliers/ buyers
What are the pros of local sourcing?
- It is easier for buyers to travel to suppliers to discuss development management and inspection
- Easier to satisfy local preferences and source specialised products
- Shorter supply chains = greater predictability of delivery times and lower costs
- more environmentally friendly
Transition Town - Todmorden (Case Study)
- A town in West Yorkshire that aims to increase the amount of local food grown and eaten locally
- Eg. Public flower beds are transformed into community herb gardens and vegetable patches
How does fair trade promote economic sustainability?
- Fair trade ensures farmers of tea, coffee, etc. are paid a “guaranteed price” created by OXFAM UK
- This is achieved by improving market access for poorer countries and ending overproduction
—> richer nations spend $1billion subsidising agriculture encouraging surplus of crops (2005) on world market undermining smaller farmers - However fair trade adds very little extra income and relies on consumers buying more expensive products
What is Fairtrade?
A not-for-profit organisation which certifies products to guarantee they have been ethically produced and therefore give a fair price to producers/owners
Whats an example of a TNC which tries to use fairtrade produce in their products?
Starbucks
What is ethical shopping?
A deliberate choice of products produced under Fairtrade, organic or cruelty-free terms.
What UK retailers are trying to push ethical shopping and how?
M&S only sell Fairtrade teas/coffee. And use naturally dyed clothes from small overseas businesses to reduce carbon footprint.
