Equations

Question 1

Critical Point / Equi time point

Distance FROM aerodrome to CP

Answer 1

Total distance ✖️ GS home from CP
➗
GS home from CP ➕ GS ON from CP

Question 2

HATS

Answer 2

Heading + ADF Relative Bearing = Track to Station

Question 3

Convergence factor (n)

Answer 3

= bearing change ➗ longitude change

Question 4

Change in bearing (true)

B
n / L

Answer 4

= degrees of longitude travelled ✖️ convergence factor for the chart (n)

Question 5

Theoretical VHF range in Nm

Answer 5

= ✔️1.5 ✖️ receiver altitude in FT

Question 6

1 in 60 rule

Answer 6

= Angle off track ✖️ distance travelled
➗
60

Question 7

SOH CAH TOA

Answer 7

Sine = Opposite ➗ hypotenuse

Cosine = Adjacent ➗ hypotenuse

Tangent = Opposite ➗ Adjacent

Question 8

Point of no return (PNR)

Time to PNR (mins from departure)

Answer 8

Safe endurance ✖️ GS home
➗
GS home ➕ GS out to PNR