Are horses foregut or hindgut fermenters?
hindgut (cecum and large intestine)
Why can’t a horse vomit?
very tight lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter
margo plicatus
separates glandular and non-glandular region of stomach
3 zones of the glandular region of the stomach
- Cardiac
- Proper gastric
- Pyloric
omentum function
fat storage
Length of small intestine?
25m (short)
Can the small intestine move?
not really (in dorsal abdomen), but still moves via peristalsis
ileal papilla
contains the ileocecal orifice
intussusception
telescoping intestines (more common in young horses)
Small Intestine Entrapments (3)
- Epiploic foramen
- Vaginal ring
- Rent in the mesentery
Location of Cecum
right dorsal, rib 15 to tuber coxae (near xyphoid process)
capacity of cecum
30L
3 Parts of the Cecum
- Dorsal base
- Body (curved, tapering)
- Blind ventral apex
of tenia in cecum
4
4 Parts of Ascending Colon
- Right ventral colon
- Left ventral colon
- Left dorsal colon
- Right dorsal colon
3 Flexures of Ascending Colon
- Sternal flexure
- Pelvic flexure
- Diaphragmatic flexure
Common location of impaction in the ascending colon
pelvic flexure - no mesentery (moves around) and major decrease in size)
Dry fecal balls a formed in ________
descending colon
Following gut flow, numbers of tenia?
4 4 4 4 1 1 3 3 2 2
(cecum, right ventral, sternal flexure, left ventral, pelvic flexure, left dorsal, diaphragmatic flexure, right dorsal, transverse, descending)
Borborygmi
gut rumblings
Frequency of Borborygmi?
1-3 borborygmi every 60 seconds
4 Quadrants of the Horse
- Upper left
- Lower left
- Upper right
- Lower right
Sounds of Upper Left Quadrant?
pelvic flexure
Sounds of Lower Left Quadrant?
left ventral colon
