Equine Sarcoids

Question 1

What are Equine Sarcoids?

Answer 1

Spontaneous, locally invasive, fibroblastic skin tumors.

Question 2

T/F: Equine Sarcoids are the most common tumor on the horse

Answer 2

T

Question 3

Three most common locations of Equine Sarcoids?

Answer 3

Head, Legs, Ventral Abdomen

Question 4

Equine Sarcoids (do/do not) metastasize?

Recurrence is (rare/common)?

Answer 4

Do not have metastasis

extremely common to recur

Question 5

What is the etiology of Equine Sarcoids

Answer 5

Bovine papilloma virus (BPV)

Question 6

Four different appearance types of equine sarcoids? Describe them.

Answer 6

1. Fibroblastic = proud-flesh like
2. Verrucous = warty, flaky, raised, firm, leathery
3. Combo of both
4. Occult = slightly raised

Question 7

Pathohistology of Equine Sarcoids

1. What happens to epidermis?
2. Marked ______ formation
3. Irregularly arranged _____ (aka ____)
4. Underlying muscle (is/is not) invaded?

Answer 7

1. It becomes hyperplastic and hyperkeratotic
2. rete-peg
3. fibroblasts (whorls)
4. IS NOT

Question 8

DDx of Equine Sarcoids

1.
2.
3.
4.
5. for verrucous sarcoids specifically?

Answer 8

1. Exuberant granulation tissue
2. Fibrosarcoma
3. Cutaneous habronemiasis
4. SCC
5. Dermatophytosis

Question 9

Options for Treatment of Equine Sarcoids:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Or a combo of the above

Answer 9

1. Surgical excision via scalpel/laser/electroblade/whatever
2. Cryosurgery
3. Chemo
4. Radiation
5. Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy

Question 10

Factors that determine what method of treatment you would choose for Equine Sarcoids:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 10

1. Size of sarcoid
2. Number of sarcoids
3. Location of sarcoids
4. Value and behavior of the horse.

Question 11

What is a benefit of using a laser to excise a sarcoid?

What is the downside?

Answer 11

It stops small blood vessels from bleeding, and if a large vessel is bleeding, you can move the laser away and allow the heat of the beam to thermocoagulate.

Downside is that when you’re suturing the incision afterwards they don’t tend to heal well.

Question 12

Sarcoids Tx: Chemo.

1. What is schedule and technique for cisplatin admin?
2. _______ may be needed to faciliate injection of cisplatin.
3. Success rate?

Answer 12

1. 4 intratumoral injections given at 2 week intervals
2. Sedation and local anesthetic.
3. 96%