Esophagitis

Question 1

What is reflux esophagitis caused by?

Answer 1

Reflux of gastric juice (GERD)

Question 2

What are changes in the tissue that can occur in gastric reflux?

Answer 2

• Hyperemia
• Hydropic change
• Squamous hyperplasia
• Increased inflammatory cells
• Mucosal ulceration

Question 3

What is the term for replacement of esophageal squamous epithelium by columnar epithelium?

Answer 3

Barrett Esophagus

Question 4

What causes Barrett Esophagus?

Answer 4

Chronic GERD

Question 5

What does the risk of Barrett esophagus transforming into adenocarcinoma correlate with?

Answer 5

Length of esophagus involved and the degree of dysplasia

Question 6

Name of condition likely associated with allergy in which transverse ridges and white plaques are observed and intraepithelial eosinophils are abundant.

Answer 6

Eosinophilic esophagitis

Question 7

In what setting does infectious esophagitis typically occur?

Answer 7

• Immunosuppression (AIDS, chemoTx)
• Diabetes
• ABs

Question 8

What are the three typical infectious agents of those with infectious esophagitis?

Answer 8

• Candida
• Herpes
• CMV

Question 9

What are two iatrogenic causes of esophagitis?

Answer 9

External irradiation and nasogastric tube (pressure ulcers)