Ethics

Question 1

What is Rose’s paradox?

Answer 1

A situation where the majority of cases of a disease come from a population at low or moderate risk of that disease, and only a minority of cases come from the high risk population. This is because the number of people at high risk is small. The common example is Down’s syndrome.

Question 2

What is the declaration of Geneva for?

Answer 2

Introduced following the crimes which had just been committed in Nazi Germany, the Declaration of Geneva was intended as a revision of the Hippocratic Oath.

Question 3

What is the declaration of Helsinki for?

Answer 3

This is a statement of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.

Question 4

What is the declaration of Tokyo for?

Answer 4

This states that doctors should refuse to participate in, condone, or give permission for torture, degradation, or cruel treatment of prisoners or detainees.

Question 5

What is the declaration of Malta for?

Answer 5

This offers guideline to doctors treating people who are on hunger strike.

Question 6

What is the declaration of Lisbon for?

Answer 6

This is an international statement of the rights of patients.

Question 7

What is the declaration of Ottawa for?

Answer 7

This sets out the principles necessary for optimal child health.

Question 8

What is an emergency protection order?

Answer 8

• Placed if the child is at risk of significant harm
• Allows a child to be taken into place of safety
• Lasts for eight days
• May be extended once for a further seven days
• Local authority may apply for a care order in this time period
• After three days the parent or the child can challenge the emergency order

Question 9

What is a care order?

Answer 9

• Placed if a child is or is likely to suffer significant harm if they are not put into local authority care
• In this time, the local authority has parental responsibility for the child
• Parental contact is possible, however it may be refused for up to 7 days to protect the child

Question 10

What is a child assessment order?

Answer 10

• An assessment of the childs welfare is needed to assess whether or not the child in question is suffering or likely to suffer any harm in the future
• Max. 7 days no possibility to extend
• Medical or psychiatric evaluations can be undertaken in this time
• Further court orders can be sought if appropriate

Question 11

What is police protection?

Answer 11

• Police have the power to remove the child to a place of safety for up to 72 hours without a court order
• They must inform the local authority and ensure the child is accommodated appropriately