Ethics

Question 1

Research Ethics

Answer 1

A system of moral principles, rules and standards of conduct guiding researchers behaivor and decision making.

Question 2

The Nuremberg Code

Answer 2

• Get informed consent
• Base human research onn prior animal work
• risks should be justified by anticipated benefits
• only qualified scientists must conduct research
• physical and mental sufferings must be avoided
• research in which deathof disabling injuries is expected should not be conducted

Question 3

What are the Belmont Principles?

Answer 3

Standards for research that demand:

• Respect for persons
• Beneficience
• Justice

Question 4

respect for persons

Answer 4

Treat individuals as autonomous human beings

Question 5

Beneficience

Answer 5

Minimize harms and maximize benefits

Question 6

Justice

Answer 6

Treat people fairly and design research so that burdens and benefits are shared equitably

Question 7

How is respect for persons upheld?

Answer 7

• informed consent
• respect privacy
• mental capacity to make informed decisions

Question 8

How is beneficience upheld?

Answer 8

• Use best possible research design
• researchers must be qualified to perform procedures and handle the risks
• prohibitions of research with unfavorable risk- benefit ratio

Question 9

How is justice upheld?

Answer 9

• requirement to select subjects equitably
• avoid exploitation of vulnerable populations

Question 10

Who enforces the Belmont Principles?

Answer 10

HSIRBs (Human Subjects Institutional Review Boards)