what is a group of eukaryotes called
monophyletic group
how were the first eukaryotic cells made
endosymbiosis
what do photosynthetic eukaryotes have
plastids and mitochondria
what are protists
any eukaryote that is not a plant, animal, fungus
–> sexual/asexual reproduction
are protists unicellular
most
what kind of life cycles do protists go through
- haplontic
- diplontic
- haplo-diplontic
what are the disadvantages of reproducing sexually
- takes time to look for secual partner
- individual dilutes its own genes every generation
what are the advantages of reproducing sexually
- new genetic combinations can be beneficial in changing environments
- elimination of deleterious alleles –> speeds adaptation
how do diploid individuals produce haploid cells
meiosis
what is a life cycle
generation-to-generation sequence of stages in reproductive history of organism
explain diplontic life cycle
- animals
- spend most of cycle as multicellular diploid
explain haplodiplontic life cycle
- plants and some algae
- multicellular diploid (sporophyte)
- multicellular haploid (gametophyte)
- creates spores
esplain haplontic life cycle
- most fungi and some protists
- mostly unicellular diploid
- splits through mitosis
explain malaria and sickle cell anemia
- those with sickle cell anemia have a mutation in “s” allele
–> have survivability advantage against malaria
–> sickle cell anemia inhibits parasite infection of host
what are dinoflagellates
possess 2 flagella
what are fungi
- reproduce sexually/asexually
- are heterotrophs and decomposers
what are myxomycetes (slime molds)
- protists
- unicellular
- almost immortal
- produce spores
- can learn
what do choanoflagellates have
- single posterior flagellum
- chitin in cell walls
